Clin Path Lecture 4 Gi Eso And Stomach Gq

Front 1

Which espopagheal sphincter is voluntary(striated)?

Back 1

upper

cricopharyngeus muscle

Front 2

Is lower esophageal spinchter anatomically distinct?

assisted by

Back 2

no, assisted by diaphragms

Front 3

pharyngeal muscle name the 3

and visualize where it is

Back 3

superior

middle

inferior

Front 4

constriction of espoghus seen by 2 anatomical things

Back 4

left bronchus

aortic arch

Front 5

name the 4 layers of the esophagus

inner to outer

Back 5

mucosa(epi )

submucosa

muscle

adventious

Front 6

mucosa made up of

Back 6

epithelium(non vascular)

Front 7

submucosa made up of

Back 7

secrotory cells = mucus

Front 8

muscles made up of

Back 8

longi

circul

Front 9

adventia made up of

Back 9

loose ct

Front 10

upper portion of esophagus is vol or in

lower portion?

Back 10

volunter

invol

Front 11

name the 2 plexus innervation in esophagus

where each one locateee

which one for normal peristalsis?

Back 11

myenteric (aub)= in btwn muscles = normal per

submucosal plexus(mess) = submucosls = paucity

Front 12

what is dysphagia?

Back 12

difficulty swallowing

Front 13

dysphagia caused by 2 things

Back 13

obstructive = lumen closing

motor cause = peristalsis issues

Front 14

heart burn is called

Back 14

pyrosis

Front 15

odynophagia is

Back 15

painfull swallowing

Front 16

caused by 2 things

Back 16

inflammation

and

spasms of esophagus

Front 17

what's effortless and and not preceded by nausea

why does this happen? think pressure

Back 17

regurgitation

gastric pressure greater than esophageal lumen pressure

Front 18

Achalasia

elevated or lower les pressure?

what causes this les issue?

Back 18

elevated

myenteric plexus abnormality

Front 19

what eventually happens to esophagus?

Back 19

so food statis and causes dilation = funnel appearance

Front 20

what can eventaully happen?

Back 20

chronic inflammation and scarring

Front 21

write out patho for achalasia

Back 21

k

Front 22

esophageal spasms in which portion of esophagus

in response to

function of sphincters?

Back 22

lower 2/3

swallowing

both are working

Front 23

chronic acid refulex usually associated with

Back 23

hiatal hernias

Front 24

patho of esophagitis

Back 24

k

Front 25

What's barrets esophagus?

Back 25

chronic reflux for 10 years

Front 26

what change is going on?

so risk of?

Back 26

metaplasia

from epithelium to columnar

carcinoma

Front 27

so if it's scc? then primary or 2ndary

if it is adeno(columnar) carcinoma?

Back 27

primary

2ndary

Front 28

name the 2 types of hiatus hernia

Back 28

sliding

rolling(paraeesopgeal

Front 29

which one is most common form?

Back 29

sliding

Front 30

which one is where les junction move superiorly

which will cause it to lower it's pressure

Back 30

sliding

Front 31

which one is where poriton of the gastric fundus go thru hiatus

Back 31

folling

paraesophageal

Front 32

junction remains infeor to diaphragam

Back 32

rolling

Front 33

with which one will you not see reflux

but will see what issue?

Back 33

rolling

sob

Front 34

name the layers of stomach

inner to outer

Back 34

mucosa

submucosa

muscle

peritoneum

Front 35

mucosa made up of 3 things(still epi)

Back 35

ruggae

mucus

cheif cells

parietal cells

Front 36

cheif cells make what

Back 36

pepsinogen

Front 37

parietal cells make what

Back 37

hcl and intrinsic facto

Front 38

muscles made up of what 3 things

Back 38

long

circu

oblique(inner)

Front 39

name some common gastric irritanst

Back 39

alchol, caffiene, apsrin, h pyloria

Front 40

destruction of the proticvie muscoal barrier is common pathlogic point

Back 40

acute superficial gastritis

Front 41

if acute superfical gastritis (small lesion) gets large then called

Back 41

diffuse hemorraghcis gastritis

Front 42

explain chornic atrophc gastritis

Back 42

k

Front 43

chronic atrophic gastritis mostly in

Back 43

fundus

Front 44

erosion is considered

Back 44

not breaking pass mucosa layer(epi)

Front 45

chronic ulcer is defined as

Back 45

scar tissue in the base of ulcer

Front 46

what does h pylori do?

how is it able to survice stomach acid?

Back 46

weakens mucos barrier and allows hcl to get in

has tools to neutralize it

Front 47

what does alchol and nsaids do when it comes to pud?

augmented by

Back 47

first breaks down epithelial layer

causes back diffusion(inner to outer)

histamine realease = stimulates the cheif and pari cells

ulceration is the result

Front 48

duodenal ulcers in older or younger?

Back 48

younger

Front 49

o blood pud for

Back 49

duodenal

Front 50

a blood pud for

Back 50

gastric

stomach

Front 51

what is zolliger ellison syndrome?

60% malginant

Back 51

pancreat tumor = release of xs gastrin = ulcer

Front 52

3 complications of pud

most frequent

Back 52

hemorrhage = most frequent

perforation

obstruction

Front 53

most common place for pud?

Back 53

posterior wall of dueodal bulb

Front 54

name the 2 types of stress ulcers pud

Back 54

cusshing

curling

Front 55

cushing is due to

Back 55

cerebral injury which leads to vagal stimulation= hyperaciditiy

Front 56

curlling is due to

Back 56

sepsis,hypotensi shock severe burns

gastric musoc ischedm to destructi of barrie and ulceration

Front 57

pud at risk for what type of carcinoma

which blood type

preceding these 2 etiology

Back 57

gastric carcinoma

type A

h pylori and atrophic

Front 58

most common gastric carcinoma

Back 58

ulcerating carcinoma

Front 59

name the 3 types of gastric carcinoma

Back 59

ulcerating

polypoid= cauliflower

infiltrating carcinoma