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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 types of hearing loss
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1. conductive
2. sensory 3. neural |
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4 mechanisms of conductive hearing loss
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1. obstruction (e.g., cerumen impaction)
2. mass loading (e.g., middle ear effusion) 3. stiffness effect (e.g., otosclerosis) 4. discontinuity (e.g., ossicular disruption) |
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conductive hearing loss results from
a. inner ear b. middle ear c. external ear |
b and c, middle and external ear
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causes of most cases of adult conductive hearing loss
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- cerumen impaction or - transient auditory tube dysfunction associated with upper respiratory tract infection
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causes of persistent conductive hearing loss
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chronic ear infection, trauma, or otosclerosis
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is conductive hearing loss generally correctable
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yes, medically and/or surgically
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Sensory hearing loss results from ____ ?
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deterioration of the cochlea, usually due to loss of hair cells from the organ of Corti
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What is prebyacusis?
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gradually progressive, predominantly high-frequency [sensory]loss with advancing age
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Other than presbyacusis, what are common causes of sensory hearing loss
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head trauma, excessive noise exposure, and systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus
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Is sensory hearing loss generally correctable?
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No, but it may be prevented or stabilized.
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Neural hearing loss stems from lesions of what 4 structures?
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1. 8th nerve
2. auditory nuclei 3. ascending tracts 4. auditory cortex |
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What are some common causes of neural hearing loss?
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- acoustic neuroma
- multiple sclerosis - cerebrovascular disease |
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What simple instrument is used to test audiology?
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512 Hz tuning fork
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What is the Weber test?
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tuning fork is placed on the forehead or front teeth -
- conductive loss: sound appears louder in the poorer-hearing ear - sensorineural loss: sound radiates to the better side |
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What is the Rinne test?
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tuning fork is placed alternately on the mastoid bone and in front of the ear canal -
-conductive loss: bone conduction exceeds air conduction - sensorineural loss: air conduction exceeds bone conduction |
