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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the typical presenting symptoms of DM?
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3 P's
fatigue wt. loss blurred vision poor wound healing |
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Pt's with type 1 DM may present with classic symptoms in the development of __.
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DKA
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What lab should you monitor the status of your DKA pt with?
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anion gap
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Pt's with type 2 DM may present with classic symptoms of DM and/or with the __ of diabetes.
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complications
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What are some microvascular complications of DM?
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neuropathy
nephropathy retinopathy |
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What are some macrovascular complications of DM?
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CVD, PVD
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What is the hallmark of PVD?
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claudication (usually in the calf)
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What causes claudication from DM?
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DM effects on the tunica media-makes it less compliant due to increased fibroblast formation.
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What are distinguishing pt. features of DM type 1?
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-typically young age (age 14)
-sudden onset -fam hx. less common -monozygotic twins =4-% correlation |
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What are distinguishing pt. features of DM type 2?
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-adults >40; occas. kids and young adults
-obese -positive family history -90% correlation in monozygotic twins |
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What are the classic symptoms of DM?
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3 P's
weight loss fatigue poor wound healing (infections) blurred vision |
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Type 1 DM can occur at any age but is typically before?
-20 y.o. -25 y.o. -30 y.o. |
20 y.o.
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Which type of DM is familial?
type 1 type 2 |
type 2
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Which type of DM is classified as...complete destruction of beta cells and an autoimmune dos.
type 1 type 2 |
type 1 DM
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Which type of DM is classified as....insulin resistance, insulin secretory defect (late) and increased glucagon?
type 1 type 2 |
type 2
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Which type of DM develops or is diagnosed during pregnancy?
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gestational
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What does IFG stand for?
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impaired fasting glucose
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What are the lab values of IFG?
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100-125mg/dL
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A FBS of <? is consider DM?
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> or equal to 126mg/dL
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What does IGT stand for?
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impaired glucose tolerance
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A blood glucose of __-__mg/dL is considered IGT.
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140-199mg/dL
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A 2 hour OGTT with results of >200 means...what?
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diabetes
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glucose
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only use serum glucose
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The ADA recommends the following approach to screening for diabetes....
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-every 3 years after age 45
-earlier and >freq in high risk populations (a.a., native amer.) |
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Name some diabetes risk factors........
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family hx
obesity physically inactive ethnicity (aa, na) gestational DM macrosomia htn hyperlipidemia PCOS |
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How many islet cells do pt's lose before they begin to show symptoms of DM?
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90%
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If a lean pt presents with hyperglycemia and without a family hx of type 2 diabetes one should entertain the dx of __ regardless of the age of presentation of the dx.
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type 1 DM
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All of the following except one are included in the criteria of duel defect of type 2 diabetes, which one doesn't belong?
-dec. peripheral utilization of glucose -inc. hepatic glucose production -dec. hepatic glucose produciton |
dec. hepatic glucose production doesn't belong
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Which type of anti-diabetic drug has some evidence towards prevention of beta cell destruction?
-biguanide -glitazones -sulfonylureas |
glitazones
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Glucose toxicity = ?
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inc. glucose=dec. insulin secretion + inc. insulin resistance
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What rises first in type 2 dm?
-postprandial glucose -fasting blood sugar -random blood sugar |
postprandial glucose
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