Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
2 mechanisms for decreased fx mass
|
decreased # of viable hepatocytes
vascular abnormalities; hepatocytes are bypassed |
|
|
How much liver mass must be lost?
|
70-80%
|
|
|
Clin path findings of decreased fx mass
|
increased gamma globulins
- decreased antigen clearance -increased Ig half life RBC microcytosis from Fe |
|
|
Cholestasis
|
increased bile products in blood +/- urine
induction of membrane bound enzymes: ALP, GGT |
|
|
3 possibilities of abnormal enzymes
|
Resolving
Progressing Persisting |
|
|
Injury location
|
cytosol or mitochondria
internally @ high levels |
|
|
cholestatic location
|
membrane bound
|
|
|
Injury expression of enzymes
|
constitutive +/- induced
|
|
|
cholestatic expression of enzymes
|
induced +/- constituitive
|
|
|
Injury enzymes
|
ALT
AST SDH |
|
|
Cholestatic enzymes
|
ALP
GGT |
|
|
ALT
|
alanine aminotransferase
indicate cellular injury in small animals only |
|
|
ALT locations
|
hepatocytes mostly
muscle (severe HBC or congenital myopathies) |
|
|
ALT half-life
|
2.5 days dog
3.5 hours in cat |
|
|
ALT correlation with injury
|
parallels # of cells affected, but NOT
Severity or Reversibility |
|
|
Which is more liver specific, AST or ALT?
|
ALT
|
|
|
AST
|
aspartate aminotransferase
indicate cellular injury large and small animals |
|
|
AST location
|
liver and muscle
- high serum levels with damage in either organ RBC: hemolysis |
