Cliffs Ap Biology Ch 2

Front 1

The plasma membrane of a cell is a lipid XXXXXXX.

Back 1

Bilayer

Front 2

What is the term used to define proteins loosly attached to the inner or outer surface of the membrane?

Back 2

Peripheral Proteins

Front 3

What is the term used to define proteins that are extend into the membrane?

Back 3

Integral Proteins

Front 4

What is the term used to define proteins that span to both sides of the plasma membrane?

Back 4

Transmembrane proteins

Front 5

The phospholipid membrane is XXXXXXXX permeable

Back 5

Selectively

Front 6

What is the term used to define proteins which provide open passageways through the membrane for certain hydrophilic substances to pass?

Back 6

Channel Proteins

Front 7

What is the term used to define proteins that allow the passage of ions though the cell membrane?

Back 7

Ion Channels

Front 8

What is the term used to define a protein that dramatically increases the rate of passage of water through the plasma membrane?

Back 8

Aquaporins

Front 9

What is the term used to define a protein that binds to a specific molecule and allows passage of that molecule across the cell membrane?

Back 9

Carrier Proteins

Front 10

What is the term used to define proteins which use energy to direct a substance across the plasma membrane against its concentration gradient?

Back 10

Active Transport Proteins

Front 11

What is the term used to define a protein which give each cell type a unique identification?

Back 11

Recognition Proteins

Front 12

What is the term used to define a protein that allows cells to attach to neighboring cells?

Back 12

Adhesion Proteins

Front 13

What is the term used to define a protein that provides binding sites for hormone or other triggering molecules?

Back 13

Receptor Proteins

Front 14

What is the term used to define an oraganelle which contains genetic information for the cell?

Back 14

Nucleus

Front 15

Ribosomes consist of XXXXX and XXXXXX.

Back 15

RNA & Protein

Front 16

What is the term used to define a molecule that assist in the assembly of amino acids into proteins?

Back 16

Ribosomes

Front 17

Does the Smooth ER contain ribosomes?

Back 17

No

Front 18

What is the term used to define an organelle responsible for the synthesis of lipids, and hormones?

Back 18

Smooth ER

Front 19

What is the term used to define an organelle that modify and package proteins and lipids into vesicles?

Back 19

Golgi Apparatus

Front 20

What is the term used to define vesicles from the golgi apparatus that contain digestive enzymes?

Back 20

Lysosomes

Front 21

Do lysosomes occur in plant cells?

Back 21

No

Front 22

What is the term used to define an organelle that breaks down various substances including hydrogen peroxide, fatty acids, and amino acids?

Back 22

Peroxisomes

Front 23

What is the term used to define an organelle that carries out aerobic respiration?

Back 23

Mitochondria

Front 24

What is the term used to define an organelle that carries out photosynthesis?

Back 24

Chloroplasts

Front 25

What is the term used to define a protein fiber made of tubulin that provides support and motility for cellular activities?

Back 25

Microtubules

Front 26

What is the term used to define a protein fiber used to provide support for maintaining cell shape?

Back 26

Intermediate Filaments

Front 27

What is the term used to define a protein fiber that is made up of actin that is involved in cell motility?

Back 27

Microfilaments

Front 28

What is the most pronounced difference between flagella and cilia?

Back 28

Flagella are long and cilia are short

Front 29

Do plants cells have centrioles?

Back 29

No, but they contain a microtubule organizing center.

Front 30

What is the term used to define a vesicle that moves materials between organelles?

Back 30

Transport Vesicles

Front 31

What is the term used to define a vesicle that is a temporary recepticle for nutrients?

Back 31

Food Vacuole

Front 32

What is the term used to define a vesicle in plants that stores starch, pigments, and toxic substances?

Back 32

Storage Vesicles

Front 33

What is the term used to define a vesicle that is responsible for maintaining the rigidity of a cell?

Back 33

Central Vacuoles

Front 34

What is the term used to define a vesicle in single-celled organisms that collect and pump excess water out of the cell?

Back 34

Contractile Vacuole

Front 35

The cell walls of plants are usually composed of XXXXXXX?

Back 35

Cellulose

Front 36

The cell walls of Fungi are usually composed of XXXXXXX?

Back 36

Chitin

Front 37

What is the term used to define a cell junction that consists of proteins that bind adjacent cells together, that do NOT prevent the passage of materials between cells?

Back 37

Desmosomes

Front 38

What is the term used to define a cell junction that is a tightly stiched seam between animal cells that do not allow for passage of materials between cells?

Back 38

Tight Junctions

Front 39

What is the term used to define a cell junction that connects the cytoplasm of a cell with the neighboring cell?

Back 39

Gap Junctions

Front 40

What is the term used to define a cell junction which is a narrow channel between plant cells?

Back 40

Plasmodesmata

Front 41

Which type of cells contain cell walls, chloroplasts, and central vacuoles?

Back 41

Plant Cells

Front 42

Which type of cells contain lysosomes, centrioles, and cholesterol?

Back 42

Animal Cells

Front 43

XXXXXXXX do not have a nucleus.

Back 43

Prokaryotes

Front 44

Do prokaryotes have any type of proteins such as histones associated with their DNA?

Back 44

No

Front 45

What are the size of the subunits of prkaryotes' ribosomes?

Back 45

30S and 50S

Front 46

Are prokaryotes flagella constructed of microtubules?

Back 46

No

Front 47

What is the term used to define the collective movement of substances in the same direction in response to a force or pressure?

Back 47

Bulk Flow

Front 48

XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX is the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration using a carrier protein.

Back 48

Passive Transport

Front 49

What is the term used to define the movement of water from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration?

Back 49

Osmosis

Front 50

What is the term used to define the diffusion of solutes across a selectively permeable membrane?

Back 50

Dialysis

Front 51

What is the term used to define the movement of water out of the cell that results in collapse of a cell?

Back 51

Plasmolysis

Front 52

What is the term used to define diffusion of substances between two regions in which the substances are moving by bulk flow in opposite direction?

Back 52

Countercurrent Exchange

Front 53

What is the term used to define the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell?

Back 53

Exocytosis

Front 54

What is the term used to define the capture of a substance outside the cell when the plasma membrane merges to engulf it?

Back 54

Endocytosis

Front 55

What are the three types of endocytosis?

Back 55

Phagocytosis/Pinocytosis/Receptor-Mediated

Front 56

The plasma membrane of a cell is a lipid XXXXXXX.

Back 56

Bilayer

Front 57

What is the term used to define proteins loosly attached to the inner or outer surface of the membrane?

Back 57

Peripheral Proteins

Front 58

What is the term used to define proteins that are extend into the membrane?

Back 58

Integral Proteins

Front 59

What is the term used to define proteins that span to both sides of the plasma membrane?

Back 59

Transmembrane proteins

Front 60

The phospholipid membrane is XXXXXXXX permeable

Back 60

Selectively

Front 61

What is the term used to define proteins which provide open passageways through the membrane for certain hydrophilic substances to pass?

Back 61

Channel Proteins

Front 62

What is the term used to define proteins that allow the passage of ions though the cell membrane?

Back 62

Ion Channels

Front 63

What is the term used to define a protein that dramatically increases the rate of passage of water through the plasma membrane?

Back 63

Aquaporins

Front 64

What is the term used to define a protein that binds to a specific molecule and allows passage of that molecule across the cell membrane?

Back 64

Carrier Proteins

Front 65

What is the term used to define proteins which use energy to direct a substance across the plasma membrane against its concentration gradient?

Back 65

Active Transport Proteins

Front 66

What is the term used to define a protein which give each cell type a unique identification?

Back 66

Recognition Proteins

Front 67

What is the term used to define a protein that allows cells to attach to neighboring cells?

Back 67

Adhesion Proteins

Front 68

What is the term used to define a protein that provides binding sites for hormone or other triggering molecules?

Back 68

Receptor Proteins

Front 69

What is the term used to define an oraganelle which contains genetic information for the cell?

Back 69

Nucleus

Front 70

Ribosomes consist of XXXXX and XXXXXX.

Back 70

RNA & Protein

Front 71

What is the term used to define a molecule that assist in the assembly of amino acids into proteins?

Back 71

Ribosomes

Front 72

Does the Smooth ER contain ribosomes?

Back 72

No

Front 73

What is the term used to define an organelle responsible for the synthesis of lipids, and hormones?

Back 73

Smooth ER

Front 74

What is the term used to define an organelle that modify and package proteins and lipids into vesicles?

Back 74

Golgi Apparatus

Front 75

What is the term used to define vesicles from the golgi apparatus that contain digestive enzymes?

Back 75

Lysosomes

Front 76

Do lysosomes occur in plant cells?

Back 76

No

Front 77

What is the term used to define an organelle that breaks down various substances including hydrogen peroxide, fatty acids, and amino acids?

Back 77

Peroxisomes

Front 78

What is the term used to define an organelle that carries out aerobic respiration?

Back 78

Mitochondria

Front 79

What is the term used to define an organelle that carries out photosynthesis?

Back 79

Chloroplasts

Front 80

What is the term used to define a protein fiber made of tubulin that provides support and motility for cellular activities?

Back 80

Microtubules

Front 81

What is the term used to define a protein fiber used to provide support for maintaining cell shape?

Back 81

Intermediate Filaments

Front 82

What is the term used to define a protein fiber that is made up of actin that is involved in cell motility?

Back 82

Microfilaments

Front 83

What is the most pronounced difference between flagella and cilia?

Back 83

Flagella are long and cilia are short

Front 84

Do plants cells have centrioles?

Back 84

No, but they contain a microtubule organizing center.

Front 85

What is the term used to define a vesicle that moves materials between organelles?

Back 85

Transport Vesicles

Front 86

What is the term used to define a vesicle that is a temporary recepticle for nutrients?

Back 86

Food Vacuole

Front 87

What is the term used to define a vesicle in plants that stores starch, pigments, and toxic substances?

Back 87

Storage Vesicles

Front 88

What is the term used to define a vesicle that is responsible for maintaining the rigidity of a cell?

Back 88

Central Vacuoles

Front 89

What is the term used to define a vesicle in single-celled organisms that collect and pump excess water out of the cell?

Back 89

Contractile Vacuole

Front 90

The cell walls of plants are usually composed of XXXXXXX?

Back 90

Cellulose

Front 91

The cell walls of Fungi are usually composed of XXXXXXX?

Back 91

Chitin

Front 92

What is the term used to define a cell junction that consists of proteins that bind adjacent cells together, that do NOT prevent the passage of materials between cells?

Back 92

Desmosomes

Front 93

What is the term used to define a cell junction that is a tightly stiched seam between animal cells that do not allow for passage of materials between cells?

Back 93

Tight Junctions

Front 94

What is the term used to define a cell junction that connects the cytoplasm of a cell with the neighboring cell?

Back 94

Gap Junctions

Front 95

What is the term used to define a cell junction which is a narrow channel between plant cells?

Back 95

Plasmodesmata

Front 96

Which type of cells contain cell walls, chloroplasts, and central vacuoles?

Back 96

Plant Cells

Front 97

Which type of cells contain lysosomes, centrioles, and cholesterol?

Back 97

Animal Cells

Front 98

XXXXXXXX do not have a nucleus.

Back 98

Prokaryotes

Front 99

Do prokaryotes have any type of proteins such as histones associated with their DNA?

Back 99

No

Front 100

What are the size of the subunits of prkaryotes' ribosomes?

Back 100

30S and 50S

Front 101

Are prokaryotes flagella constructed of microtubules?

Back 101

No

Front 102

What is the term used to define the collective movement of substances in the same direction in response to a force or pressure?

Back 102

Bulk Flow

Front 103

XXXXXXX XXXXXXXX is the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration using a carrier protein.

Back 103

Passive Transport

Front 104

What is the term used to define the movement of water from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration?

Back 104

Osmosis

Front 105

What is the term used to define the diffusion of solutes across a selectively permeable membrane?

Back 105

Dialysis

Front 106

What is the term used to define the movement of water out of the cell that results in collapse of a cell?

Back 106

Plasmolysis

Front 107

What is the term used to define diffusion of substances between two regions in which the substances are moving by bulk flow in opposite direction?

Back 107

Countercurrent Exchange

Front 108

What is the term used to define the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell?

Back 108

Exocytosis

Front 109

What is the term used to define the capture of a substance outside the cell when the plasma membrane merges to engulf it?

Back 109

Endocytosis

Front 110

What are the three types of endocytosis?

Back 110

Phagocytosis/Pinocytosis/Receptor-Mediated