Clh&n And Fns Test Iv Clh&n 12: Ear Histology

Front 1

What are the three parts of the ear?

Back 1

External
Middle
Internal

Front 2

What is the part of the external ear which is an irregular plate of elastic cartilage covered by skin?

Back 2

Auricle

Front 3

What is a tunnel extending from the auricle to the tympanic membrane (eardrum)?

Back 3

External auditory meatus

Front 4

What do the ceruminous glands of the external auditory meatus secrete?

Back 4

Wax

Front 5

What are the three layers fo the tympanic membrane?

Back 5

Skin
Connective tissue
Mucosa

Front 6

Describe the two layers of clollagen fibers found in the connective tissue layer of the tympanic membrane.

Back 6

The outer layer of collagen is radially arranged and the inner one is circularly arranged.

Front 7

What are the three parts of the bony labyrinth?

Back 7

Semicircular canals
Vestibule
Cochlea

Front 8

How many ampullae are there?

Back 8

Five (not six)

Front 9

T/F: All parts of the membranous labyrinth are continuous with each other.

Back 9

True

Front 10

What are the three orientations of the semcircular ducts?

Back 10

Anterior
Lateral
Posterior

Front 11

What are the ridges of specialized tissue which senses changes in the speed of angular movement of the head?

Back 11

Crista ampullaris

Front 12

What structure senses gravity and linear movement via a patch of epithelium known as a macula.

Back 12

Utricle

Front 13

What contains the organ of corti that functions as the sound receptor?

Back 13

Cochlear Duct

Front 14

What is a duct that extends from the connection of the utricle to the saccule to a dilation within the intracranial cavity?

Back 14

Endolymphatic duct

Front 15

What is the function of the epithelium of the endolymphatic sac?

Back 15

Resorption of endolymph

Front 16

What type of epithilium lines the semicircular ducts?

Back 16

Simple squamous epithleium

Front 17

Where are the crista ampullaris located?

Back 17

At the epithelium ridge located at the floor of each ampulla

Front 18

What type of cells secrete the cupula (part of the crista ampullaris)?

Back 18

Support cells

Front 19

Which type of hair cell? Flask shaped and each one is enclosed in a chalice-like nerve terminal

Back 19

Type I hair cell

Front 20

Which type of hair cell: columnar and are innervated by many small synaptic endings?

Back 20

Type II hair cells

Front 21

What is the single cilium called on hair cells?

Back 21

kinocillium (shows a 9+2 arrangement)

Front 22

Bending hairs toward the cilium results in what action?

Back 22

Depolarization of the cell membrane

Front 23

What results in hyperpolarization of the hair cells' membranes?

Back 23

When the hair (microvilli) is bent away from the cilium

Front 24

The type I and type II hair cells have a cupula the crista ampullaris has a __________.

Back 24

otolithic membrane (or maculae)

Front 25

What is the difference between cupulae and maculae?

Back 25

Otoconia or calcium carbone crystals

Front 26

Which has greater density: Otoconia or endolymph?

Back 26

Otoconia

Front 27

The macula of the utricle is oriented ________ to the one in the saccule.

Back 27

Perpendicular

Front 28

Which vestibular structure senses vertical acceleration?

Back 28

The saccule

Front 29

Which structure senses horizontal acceleration?

Back 29

utricle

Front 30

What structure lies within the bony cochlea?

Back 30

The cochlear duct

Front 31

What is the bony core of the cochlea called?

Back 31

Modiolus

Front 32

What is housed within the modiolus?

Back 32

The spiral ganglion of the cochlear nerve

Front 33

What name is given to the spiraling ridge that projects outward like the thread of a screw?

Back 33

Spiral lamina

Front 34

The Scala vestibule is fill with what type of fluid?

Back 34

Perilymph

Front 35

What windon distorts the fluid and what window relieves the fluid pressure from the distortion?

Back 35

Oval window distorts the fluid and the round window relieves the pressure.

Front 36

What are the three relative subdivisions of the cochlea?

Back 36

scala vestibuli
Cochlear duct
Scala tympani

Front 37

What is the opening which is the communication point between the scala vestibuli and the scala tympani?

Back 37

Helicotrema

Front 38

What membrane separates the scala vestibuli from the cochlear duct?

Back 38

The vestibular membrane

Front 39

What membrane separates the scala tympani from the cochlear duct?

Back 39

The basilar membrane

Front 40

What structure underlies the Organ of Corti?

Back 40

The basilar membrane

Front 41

Which region of the basilar membrane is most senstive to high pitched notes?

Back 41

The region closeses to the base of the oval window

Front 42

What is the name for the lining epithelium of the outer (away from the modiolus) cochelar duct called?

Back 42

Stria vascularis

Front 43

What is the function of the only vascularized epithelium in the body?

Back 43

Secretion of endolymph

Front 44

What is the receptor for sound?

Back 44

Organ of Corti

Front 45

Which type of hair cells in the organ of Corti are arranged in a single row close to the osseous spiral lamina?

Back 45

Inner hair cells

Front 46

Which hair cells in the Organ of Corti are arranged in three to five rows and are located more laterally?

Back 46

Outer hair cells

Front 47

Which type of hair cells of the Organ of Corti:
Have microvilli similar to Type I hair cells in the vestibule
Are short and goblet shaped, with a constricted upper region.
Hairs (microvilli) are similar to those vestibular hair cells, but there is no associated cilium.
Synapses are present on the bases and sides of the cells
Received 90-95% of the afferent fibers in the cochlear nerve
Their hairs are NOT embedded in the tectorial membrane?

Back 47

Inner hair cells

Front 48

Which hair cells in the organ of corti have microvili which are arranged in a distinctive W pattern when viewed from above the cell or in cross section?
Receive only 5-10% of the afferent fibers of the cochlear nerve and are innervated at the base?

Back 48

Outer hair cells

Front 49

What is the ratio of phalangeal cells to hair cells?

Back 49

1:1

Front 50

What are modified phalangeal cells that border the tunnel of corti?

Back 50

Pillar cells

Front 51

What overlies the hair cells in the organ of corti and has a gelatinous sheet. Its function is to cause displacements of the hair cells in response to displacement sof the basilar membrane by sound vibrations.

Back 51

Tectorial membrane

Front 52

What type of channesl open when the "hair" bundle is deflected toward the tallest stereocilia?

Back 52

Potassium channels resulting in depolarization.

Front 53

What cells secrete the tectorial membrane?

Back 53

Spiral limbus

Front 54

What is the name for the connective tissue on the upper surface of the osseous spiral lamina that bulges into the cochlear duct?

Back 54

Spiral limbus

Front 55

Where does the entire epithelial lining of the membranous labyrinth derive from?

Back 55

(otic placode) An ectodermal thickening near the developing brain

Front 56

Where does the entire epithelial lining of the membranous labyrinth derive from?

Back 56

(otic placode) An ectodermal thickening near the developing brain

Front 57

What four nerves supply the GSA for the auricle?

Back 57

V, VII, IX, X

Front 58

What is the depression caused by the handle of the malleus called on the lateral side of the sympanic membrane?

Back 58

Umbo

Front 59

What part of the tympanic membrance overlies the chorda tympani?

Back 59

Pars flaccida

Front 60

What is part of the malleus attaches to the tympanic membrane?

Back 60

Handle of the Malleus

Front 61

What is the name for the space superior to the tympanic membrane?

Back 61

Epitympanic space

Front 62

What are the three structures and one space of the lateral wall of the tympanic cavity?

Back 62

Tympanic membrane, Malleus handle, chorda tympani and epitympanic recess.

Front 63

What are the three structures on the anterior wall of the middle ear cavity?

Back 63

Canal for the tensor tympani, auditory canal and between them is the processus cochleariformis

Front 64

What serves as a pulley for the tnedon of the tensor tympani's insertion on the malleus?

Back 64

Processus chochleariformis

Front 65

What are the three elevations of the lateral wall of the internal ear?

Back 65

Promontory, Facial canal prominence, lateral semicircular canal (inferior to superior)

Front 66

What are the nerves associated with the tympanic plexus?

Back 66

CN IX and VII

Front 67

What structure is superior to the oval window on the medial aspect of the middle ear cavity?

Back 67

Facial nerve canal

Front 68

Give another name for the fenestra vestibuli.

Back 68

Oval window

Front 69

Give another name for the round window.

Back 69

fenestra cochlea

Front 70

What is the largest cavity of the mastoid bone and describe its location?

Back 70

Mastoid antrum

Front 71

What are the three structures associated with the posterior wall?

Back 71

Mastoid antrum opening, pyramid, chorda tympani nerve

Front 72

What is the hollow projection gelow the mastoid antrum and is the origin for the stapedius?

Back 72

Pyramid

Front 73

The pyramid is above or below the mastoid antrum?

Back 73

Below

Front 74

What are the two parts of the incus?

Back 74

Body and the long process

Front 75

What part of the incus interacts with the malleus?

Back 75

Body

Front 76

What part of the incus interacts with the stapes?

Back 76

Long process

Front 77

What are the three parts of the stapes?

Back 77

Head, neck, base or footplate

Front 78

What are the membraneous labyrinth parts of the vestibule (bony labyrinth)?

Back 78

Saccule and utricle

Front 79

What are th emembrane parts of the cochlea?

Back 79

Cochlear duct

Front 80

What is the first turn of the promontory?

Back 80

First turn of the cochlea from its base.

Front 81

What nerve arises from the tympanic plexus?

Back 81

Lesser petrosal