Classical Music Test 1

Front 1

Pitch

Back 1

the highness or lowness of sound and the vibrations per second.

Front 2

Melody

Back 2

a series of pitches one after the other

Front 3

Harmony

Back 3

a series or pitches at the same time

Front 4

Rhythm

Back 4

reoccurring sounds in time

Front 5

Meter

Back 5

the beat pattern

Front 6

Tempo

Back 6

speed

Front 7

Dynamics

Back 7

the volume- how loud or soft

Front 8

Texture

Back 8

the number of different lines of music

Front 9

Homophony

Back 9

a melody with a harmonic accompaniment

Front 10

Monophonic music or monophony

Back 10

melody only

Front 11

Independent Polyphony

Back 11

multiple lines playing many melodies at the same time.

Front 12

Timbre

Back 12

instrumental families

Front 13

Form

Back 13

the organizational structure of music

Front 14

Strophic form

Back 14

repeated verse with change of words

Front 15

1600-1776

Back 15

Colonial Period

Front 16

1776

Back 16

Revolutionary Period

Front 17

175-1825

Back 17

Classical Period

Front 18

1820- 1900

Back 18

Romantic Period

Front 19

Late 1800's

Back 19

Nationalism

Front 20

Psalter

Back 20

melodies used for psalm singing (150 psalms in 13 interchangeable melodies)

Front 21

William Billings

Back 21

(1746-1800)- the first American composer wrote both church music and Revolutionary War songs. (Chester)

Front 22

Franz Liszt

Back 22

European Virtuoso – first rockstar

Front 23

Louis M. Gottschalk

Back 23

American Virtuoso Pianist who combined European and Creole music (La Bananier)

Front 24

Nationalism

Back 24

use of folk music from your own country.

Front 25

Antonin Dvorak

Back 25

(Czech) teaching music in New York encouraged musicians to use African American Spirituals and Native American Indian music.

Front 26

Edward MacDowell

Back 26

Nationalist takes Native American folk music and writes compositions of them. Failed because they had no experience with the Native Americans or African Americans aka they were White! And because they had too much European influence.

Front 27

Igor Stravinsky

Back 27

Russian American Composer who wrote many different forms of music. extremely influential on other composers

Front 28

polytonality

Back 28

more than one key or scale at the same time.

Front 29

polymeter

Back 29

multiple beat patterns

Front 30

Arnold Schoenberg

Back 30

Austrian American Composer who develops serialism

Front 31

serialism

Back 31

New style of music developed Schoenberg in the 1910’s and 1920’s. Does not use regular scales.

Front 32

12 note tone rows

Back 32

mathematical manipulation of the notes.

Front 33

Atonality

Back 33

without a key or scale

Front 34

Charles Ives

Back 34

American Experimentalist Wrote most of his music in the early 1900’s. Predates the experiments of Stravinsky and Schoenberg by 15-20 years. First composer to win a Pulitzer Prize (At the River)

Front 35

Edgard Varese

Back 35

French- American Composer. Developed music concrete. Became interested in timbre- contrasting blocks of sound to represent the skyscrapers that he saw in New York City. Used traditional instruments non-traditional instruments (percussion) and electronic sounds.

Front 36

John Cage

Back 36

Avant-Garde composer- student of Schoenberg aka serialist. Music should be about enlightenment

Front 37

Indeterminacy in music

Back 37

chance operations

Front 38

Steve Reich Phillip Glass and John Adams

Back 38

“Minimalists” (Einstein at the Beach)

Front 39

Minimalism

Back 39

took place in the 1960’s in California. Influenced by serialism Indian music and West African music. The music is highly repetitive hypnotic

Front 40

George Gershwin and William Grant Still

Back 40

symphonic jazz- combine elements of jazz and classical music

Front 41

William Grant Still

Back 41

African American experience- use of blues and jazz (Afro- American Symphony)

Front 42

syncopation

Back 42

accents where they are not expected

Front 43

traditional instruments in jazz

Back 43

trumpet clarinet trombone

Front 44

Samual Barber

Back 44

Neo- Romantic Composer. Based his compositions on literature.(Adagio for Strings)

Front 45

What makes American Music American

Back 45

Syncopation Use of traditional instruments and long narrative sounding melodies that many feel are representative of America

Front 46

Aaron Copeland

Back 46

trained in both New York and Paris. 1936 his music becomes popular and changed by the ideas of the New Deal and he begins to write music for the masses. His music becomes popular because of:The New Deal Roosevelt and Socialism “Music for the masses” o He quotes things that people know: Civil War tunes Folk music Cowboy tunes Religious melodies Mexican folk music and uses Jazz and jazz syncopation (Hoedown)