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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What classically has Anticentromere antibodies? |
Scleroderma (CREST) |
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What classically has Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies? |
Pemphigus vulgaris (blistering) |
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What classically has Anti–glomerular basement membrane antibodies? |
Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis) |
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What classically has Antihistone antibodies? |
Drug-induced SLE (hydralazine, INH, phenytoin, procainamide) |
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What classically has Anti-IgG antibodies? |
Rheumatoid arthritis (systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonnière deformity) |
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What classically has Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs)? |
1° biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension) |
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What classically has Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)? |
Microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss syndrome (MPO-ANCA/p-ANCA); granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener; PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA) |
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What classically has Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA)? |
SLE (type III hypersensitivity) |
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What classically has Antiplatelet antibodies? |
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura |
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What classically has Anti-topoisomerase antibodies? |
Diffuse systemic scleroderma |
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What classically has Anti–transglutaminase/anti–gliadin/anti–endomysial antibodies?
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Celiac disease (diarrhea, distention, weight loss)
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What classically has “Apple core” lesion on abdominal x–ray?
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Colorectal cancer (usually left–sided)
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What classically has Azurophilic peroxidase granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts?
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Auer rods (AML, especially the promyelocytic [M3] type)
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What classically has Bacitracin response?
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Sensitive: Streptococcus pyogenes (group A); resistant: Streptococcus agalactiae (group B)
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What classically has “Bamboo spine” on x–ray?
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Ankylosing spondylitis (chronic inflammatory arthritis:HLA–B27)
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What classically has Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs?
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Howell–Jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)
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What classically has Basophilic stippling of RBCs?
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Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
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What classically has Bloody tap on LP?
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Subarachnoid hemorrhage
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What classically has “Boot–shaped” heart on x–ray?
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Tetralogy of Fallot, RVH
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What classically has Branching gram–positive rods with sulfur granules?
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Actinomyces israelii
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What classically has Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging?
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Pancoast tumor (can compress sympathetic ganglion and cause Horner syndrome)
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What classically has “Brown” tumor of bone?
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Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color)
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What classically has Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy?
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Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)
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What classically has Cellular crescents in Bowman capsule?
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Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis
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What classically has “Chocolate cyst” of ovary?
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Endometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)
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What classically has Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils?
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Homer–Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma,retinoblastoma)
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What classically has Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs?
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Cystic fibrosis (autosomal recessive mutation in CFTR gene––> fat–soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs)
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What classically has decreased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum?
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Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormality
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What classically has Degeneration of dorsal column nerves?
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Tabes dorsalis (3° syphilis), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal tracts affected)
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What classically has Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra?
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Parkinson disease (basal ganglia disorder: rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)
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What classically has Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum?
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Curschmann spirals (bronchial asthma; can result in whorled mucous plugs)
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What classically has Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid?
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Call–Exner bodies (granulosa–theca cell tumor of the ovary)
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What classically has Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia?
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Koilocytes (HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer)
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What classically has Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies?
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“Owl eye” appearance of CMV
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What classically has Enlarged thyroid cells with ground–glass nuclei?
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“Orphan Annie” eyes nuclei (papillary carcinoma of the thyroid)
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What classically has Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell?
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Mallory body (alcoholic liver disease)
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What classically has Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell?
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Lewy body (Parkinson disease)
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What classically has Eosinophilic globule in liver?
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Councilman body (toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever)
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What classically has Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar nerve cells?
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Negri bodies of rabies
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What classically has Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain?
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Senile plaques (Alzheimer disease)
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What classically has Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions(“owl’s eye”)?
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Reed–Sternberg cells (Hodgkin lymphoma)
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What classically hasGlomerulus–like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells?
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Schiller–Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)
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What classically has “Hair on end” (crew–cut) appearance on x–ray?
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β–thalassemia, sickle cell anemia (marrow expansion
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What classically has hCG elevated?
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Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo), and multiple pregnancy
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What classically has Heart nodules (granulomatous)?
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Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever)
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What classically has Heterophile antibodies?
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Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
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What classically has Hexagonal, double–pointed, needle–like crystals in bronchial secretions?
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Bronchial asthma (Charcot–Leyden crystals: eosinophilic granules)
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What classically has High level of d–dimers?
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DVT, PE, DIC
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What classically has Hilar lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes (can calcify)?
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Ghon complex (1° TB: Mycobacterium bacilli)
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What classically has “Honeycomb lung” on x–ray or CT?
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Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
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What classically has Hypercoagulability (leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitis?
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Trousseau syndrome (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung)
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What classically has Hypersegmented neutrophils?
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Megaloblastic anemia (B12 deficiency: neurologic symptoms; folate deficiency: no neurologic symptoms)
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What classically has Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis?
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Conn syndrome
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What classically has Hypochromic, microcytic anemia?
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Iron deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (fetal hemoglobin sometimes present)
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What classically has Increased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum?
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Dating error, anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)
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What classically has Increased uric acid levels?
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Gout, Lesch–Nyhan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics
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What classically has Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet–like bodies?
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Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or CMV)
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What classically has Iron–containing nodules in alveolar septum?
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Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis: chance of mesothelioma)
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What classically has Keratin pearls on a skin biopsy?
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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What classically has Large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immunodeficiency?
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Chédiak–Higashi disease (congenital failure of phagolysosome formation)
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What classically has “Lead pipe” appearance of colon on barium enema x–ray?
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Ulcerative colitis (loss of haustra)
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What classically has Linear appearance of IgG deposition on glomerular basement membrane?
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Goodpasture syndrome
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What classically has Low serum ceruloplasmin?
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Wilson disease (hepatolenticular degeneration)
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What classically has “Lumpy bumpy” appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence?
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Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (immune complex deposition of IgG and C3b)
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What classically has Lytic (“hole punched”) bone lesions on x–ray?
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Multiple myeloma
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What classically has Mammary gland (“blue domed”) cyst?
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Fibrocystic change of the breast
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What classically has Monoclonal antibody spike?
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Multiple myeloma (usually IgG or IgA) Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS consequence of aging) Waldenström (M protein = IgM) macroglobulinemia Primary amyloidosis
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What classically has Mucin–filled cell with peripheral nucleus?
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“Signet ring” (gastric carcinoma)
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What classically has Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium x–ray?
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“String sign” (Crohn disease)
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What classically has Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis?
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Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener; PR3–ANCA/c–ANCA) and Goodpasture syndrome (anti–basement membrane antibodies)
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What classically has Needle–shaped, negatively birefringent crystals?
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Gout (monosodium urate crystals)
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What classically has Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli?
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Kimmelstiel–Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy)
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What classically has Novobiocin response?
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Sensitive: Staphylococcus epidermidis; resistant: Staphylococcus saprophyticus
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What classically has “Nutmeg” appearance of liver?
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Chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure
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What classically has “Onion skin” periosteal reaction?
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Ewing sarcoma (malignant round–cell tumor)
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What classically has Optochin response?
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Sensitive: Streptococcus pneumoniae; resistant: viridans streptococci
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What classically has Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area?
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Codman triangle on x–ray (osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis)
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What classically has Podocyte fusion or “effacement” on electron microscopy?
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Minimal change disease (child with nephrotic syndrome)
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What classically has Polished, “ivory–like” appearance of bone at cartilage erosion?
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Eburnation (osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis)
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What classically has Protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphosphorylation of tau protein?
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Neurofibrillary tangles (Alzheimer disease) and Pick bodies (Pick disease)
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What classically has Psammoma bodies?
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Meningiomas, papillary thyroid carcinoma, mesothelioma, papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary
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What classically has Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy?
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Glioblastoma multiforme
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What classically has RBC casts in urine?
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Acute glomerulonephritis
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What classically has Rectangular, crystal–like, cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells?
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Reinke crystals (Leydig cell tumor)
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What classically has Renal epithelial casts in urine?
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Acute toxic/viral renal injury
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What classically has Rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent?
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Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals)
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What classically has Rib notching?
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Coarctation of the aorta
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What classically has Ring–enhancing brain lesion in AIDS?
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Toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma
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What classically has Sheets of medium–sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale, tingible body–laden macrophages (“starry sky” histology) ?
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Burkitt lymphoma (t[8:14] c–myc activation, associated with EBV; “black sky” made up of malignant cells)
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What classically has Silver–staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons?
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Pick bodies (Pick disease: progressive dementia, changes in personality)
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What classically has “Soap bubble” in femur or tibia on x–ray?
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Giant cell tumor of bone (generally benign)
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What classically has “Spikes” on basement membrane, “dome–like” subepithelial deposits?
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Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)
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What classically has Stacks of RBCs?
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Rouleaux formation (high ESR, multiple myeloma)
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What classically has Stippled vaginal epithelial cells?
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“Clue cells” (Gardnerella vaginalis)
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What classically has “Tennis racket”–shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells?
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Birbeck granules (Langerhans cell histiocytosis or histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma)
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What classically has Thrombi made of white/red layers?
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Lines of Zahn (arterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs)
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What classically has “Thumb sign” on lateral x–ray?
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Epiglottitis (Haemophilus influenzae)
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What classically has Thyroid–like appearance of kidney?
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Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
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What classically has “Tram–track” appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light microscopy?
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Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
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What classically has Triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles?
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Fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)
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What classically has “Waxy” casts with very low urine flow?
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Chronic end–stage renal disease
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What classically has WBC casts in urine?
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Acute pyelonephritis
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What classically has WBCs that look “smudged”?
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CLL (almost always B cell)
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What classically has “Wire loop” glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy?
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Lupus nephropathy
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What classically has Yellowish CSF?
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Xanthochromia (e.g., due to subarachnoid hemorrhage)
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