Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
agrarian
|
relating to farming and agriculture
|
|
|
cotton gin
|
a machine invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 to remove seeds from cotton
|
|
|
industrial revolution
|
period of rapid growth in use of machines in manufacturing and production
|
|
|
industrialist
|
a person engaged or in the management of industry
|
|
|
discrimination
|
unequal treatment
|
|
|
segregration
|
forced separation of black and white in public
|
|
|
Underground Railroad
|
network of people who helped thousands of enslaved people scape to North by providing transportation and hiding places
|
|
|
Nat Turner's Rebellion
|
Turner led a group of slaves in Virginia in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow and kill plantation families
|
|
|
slaves
|
defined as properties
|
|
|
free blacks in North
|
experienced discrimination
|
|
|
White Southerners who didn't own slaves remained loyal to slavery because...
|
slaves made up their economy by harvesting crops and they didn't want to give up their wealth and lifestyles
|
|
|
controlling slaves
|
used harsh punishments - beating, whipping and other torture
had equal parts of violence, fear, and overwork made slaves feel dependent on their masters |
|
|
resistance
|
pretended to be sick, dumb, or blind
ruined crops, broke fences and tools |
|
|
slave families
|
often sold away, parents taught lessons, not legally married
|
|
|
African American culture
|
used African rhythm and dances, story quilts, spiritual songs, folktales
|
|
|
Missouri Compromise
|
1. Missouri enter Union as slave state
2. Maine enter Union as free state to keep it equal 3. Slavery prohibited in any new territories or states North of the 36/30' latitude |
|
|
Wilmot Proviso
|
a proposal to ban slavery in land added to US from Mexico
|
|
|
Compromise of 1850
|
1. California entered Union as a free state
2. New Mexico and Utah open to slavery 3. slave trade but not slavery would end in nation's capital 4. more effective fugitive slave law would be passed |
|
|
Fugitive Slave Act
|
a law that made it a crime for Northerners to help runaway slaves and allowed officials to arrest those slaves in free areas
|
|
|
Uncle Tom's Cabin
|
anti-slavery novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
North became more angry about slavery |
|
|
Kansas-Nebraska Act
|
a plan that would divide remainder of Louisiana Purchase into two territories and allowed people to decide on question of slavery
|
|
|
Raid on Lawrence
|
pro slavery attacked anti slavery headquarters
northerners had to do something |
|
|
Dred Scott Decision
|
argued he had become free when living in free territory
|
|
|
Dred Scott Decision -> Supreme Court Decision
|
Missouri Compromise restricting slavery was unconstitutional
African Americans werent US Citizens Congress didn't have right to ban slavery in any federal territory |
|
|
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
|
a series of debates which Lincoln gained popularity but Douglass won
|
|
|
John Brown's Raid
|
wanted to arm slaves with weapons and start a slave rebellion
Brown was hanged and death sentence was carried out a month later |
|
|
Fort Sumter
|
April 14, 1861; a federal outpost in Charleston, SOuth Carolina that was attacked by Confederate troops, beginning the Civil War
|
|
|
North's Strengths
|
network of roads, canals, railroads
more soldiers more developed industrial economy, banking system, currency Union had money |
|
|
South's Strengths
|
farms provided food
brilliant soldiers excellent military leadership fought on home soil |
|
|
North's Weaknesses
|
occupied areas of enemy territory
not a lot of food lacked strong leadership |
|
|
South's Weaknesses
|
fewer soldiers
didn't have factories for guns |
|
|
Battle at Bull Run
|
a battle in July, 1961 that shattered North's hopes of winning the war quickly, Confederate Victory led my Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson b/c he made sure no one crossed wall
|
|
|
Battle of Antietam
|
bloodiest single day battle of Civil War and US History
Union soldiers found a copy of Lee's battle plan, planned a counterattack, stopped Robert E. Lee from northward advance, Lee lost many troops |
|
|
Anaconda Plan
|
Union navy surrounded the South by sea to cut off trade, damaged southern economy
|
|
|
Emanicipation Proclamation
|
1862 order issued by Abraham Lincoln freeing slaves in areas rebelling against Union, took affect on January 1, 1963
|
|
|
Battle at Gettysburg
|
Day one - Stuart and calvary disobeyed Lee's orders, Lee's troops ran into General George G. Meade's calvary, Confederate forces pushed Union troops back, Union found best defensive position
Day two - fought viciously, Union held off Confederates Day three - Lee lost half of his men and retreated to Virginia |
|
|
Gettysburg Turning Point...?
|
1. Lee's troops never again launch attack on Union soil
2. 2 victories for Union made Northerners believe they could win 3. ended South's hopes for foreign allies |
|
|
Gettysburg Address
|
praised bravery of Union soldiers, reminded them about reasons for fighting war: liberty equality, democracy, and unity
|
|
|
Sherman's Total War Strategy
|
destroy civilian and economic recourses and hoped to help Union by ruining South's economy and ability to fight
|
|
|
Appomattox Courthouse - Virginia
|
Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9, 1865 and ended Civil War
|
|
|
Grants Terms
|
end slavery
|
|
|
Effects of War
|
slavery ends
620,000 americans were killed military districts created southern economy in RUINS |
|
|
Reconstruction
|
process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union
|
|
|
13th amendment
|
banned slavery throughout the United States
|
|
|
Freedmen's Bureau
|
agency that provided food, health, and education for freedpeople, poor people, and white refugees
|
|
|
President Johnson's GOALS
|
1. southern states create new governments
2. abolish slavery 3. cancel war debts |
|
|
Black Codes
|
laws that limited freedom of African Americans
1. sign a work contract and have a job or be arrested 2. forbidden to own guns 3. forbidden to own/rent property |
|
|
14th amendment
|
overturned dred scott case by granting citizenship to all people born in the US except Native Americans
|
|
|
15th amendment
|
gave African American men the right to vote
|
|
|
Ku Klux Klan
|
secret society that opposed civil rights, particulary suffrage, for African Americans, used violence and terror
|
|
|
Jim Crow's Laws
|
laws that enforced segregration
|
|
|
African Americans Rightts Restricted
|
had to pay tax before voting (poll tax)
had to pass literacy test |
|
|
Plessy vs Ferguson
|
Plessy broke Jim Crow's laws, Supreme court said segregration was allowed if separate-but-equal facilities were provided
|
