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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Fourteenth Amendment:
This 1868 constitutional amendment made blacks citizens and guaranteed them ‘equal protection of the laws.’
Thirteenth Amendment:
This 1865 constitutional amendment abolished slavery in the United States.
Mississippi Plan:
In order to redeem the South from the black domination white terrorized and slaughtered blacks, the violent restoration of southern white governments after Reconstruction.
Fifteenth Amendment:
This 1870 constitutional amendment prohibited racial discrimination in voting.
Ku Klux Klan:
A white terrorist organization against integration.
Poll Tax:
A tax levied by southern states to disfranchise blacks and poor whites
Grand father Clause:
a right given to the descendant of their grandfather’s who could vote after the Civil War.
A legal provision is southern states that exempted whites from voting restrictions aimed at blacks.
Reconstruction:
The federal government’s attempts after the Civil War to restore the defeated Confederate states to the Union and to assist the former slaves.
Literacy Tests: .
A device used by Southern registrars to disqualify blacks from voting
Jim Crow:
A nineteenth century minstrel character whose caricature of black culture became identified with segregationist practices in the South.
Black Codes:
Southern states laws enacted after the Civil War that greatly restricted black mobility, economic opportunity and political expression.
Miscegenation:
Marriage or cohabitation between men and women of different races.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896):
The Supreme Court decision that permitted racial segregation.
The Birth of a Nation:
A 1915 silent film that portrayed newly freed blacks as buffoons and rapists and thereby justified the KKK’s vigilantism. In the minds of southerns; justified segregation.
Sambo:
A black person compelled to act deferentially toward whites.
Booker T. Washington: 1856-1915
Ex-salve who founded Tuskegee Institute for industrial training to promote his belief that blacks should seek economic self reliance first, not political equality.
Disfranchisement
The various means such as the poll tax and white primaries, to prevent blacks from voting
Ida B. Wells-Barnett
An outspoken jounalist from Memphis reproached black leaders who remained silent after the lynching, and warned that stopping such atrocities might requireall outrace warfare.
W.E.B.Dubois
He was the first black person to get a Harvard doctorate. In his book, The Souls of Black Folk, he charged Washington with the act of counseling blacks to accept the inferiority to whites. Also, along with Wells-Barnett, Dubois founded one of the most important organizations to the civil rights, known as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
WALTER WHITE: 1893-1955
NAACP executive secretary who fought againist lynching in a journal, The Crisis. Plus lobbied Congressfor protective legislation andsued in court to desegregate jobs, housing, and public facilities. Also denounced European colonialism in Africa.
Philip A. Randolph 1889-1979
America's top black union leader.Architect of the March on Washington Movement. He was an editor of a socialist magazine that ridiculed the NAACP's reformist ideology as elitist. He thought that the black church was more of a business, and the black politician was the black man's worst enemy. He was the founder of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters that became the largest black union. Randolph core belief was that exploitation was not a racial problem but an economic one.