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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Government |
Is the institution through which a society makes and enforces it public polices. |
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Public Polices |
All of the things a government decides to do. |
Taxation, defense, education, crime, health care to transportation, the environment, civil rights, and working conditions. |
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Legislative power |
The power to make law and to frame public policies. |
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Executive power |
The power to execute, enforce and administer law. |
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Judicial power |
The power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning, and settle disputes that arise within the society. |
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Constitution |
Is the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structure, and processes of a government. |
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Dictatorship |
The ultimate responsibility for the exercise of these powers may be held by a single person or by a small group. |
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Democracy |
When the responsibly for the exercise of these powers rests with a majority of the people. |
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State |
A body of people, living I. A defined territory, organized politically and with the powers to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority. |
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Sovereign |
Has a supreme and absolute power within its own territory and can decide its own foreign and domestic policies. |
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What are the four major political ideas/theories |
The force theory, the social contract, the evolutionary theory, and the divined right. |
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Two types of dictatorships |
Autocracy and oligarchy |
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Autocracy |
Is a government in which a single person holds unlimited political power. |
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Oligarchy |
Is a government in which the power to rule is held by a small, ussualy self-appointed elite. |
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Unitary government |
Is a centralized government. All powers held by the government belongs to a single, central agency. |
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Federal government |
Is one in which the powers of the government are divided between a central government and several local governments. |
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Division of powers |
An authority superior to both the central and local governments. |
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Confederation |
Is an alliance of independent states. |
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Presidential government |
The executive and legislative branches of the government are separate, independent of one another, and coequal. |
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Parliamentary government |
The executive is made up of the prime minister or premier, and that official's cabinat. |
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Compromise |
Is the process of blending and adjusting competing views and interests. |
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Free Enterprise system |
It is an economic system characterized by the private ownership of capital goods, investments made by private decision, not by government directive, and success or failure determined by competition in the marketplace. |
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Law of supple and demand |
When supplies of hoods and service become plentiful, prices tend to drop. |
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Mixed economy |
An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination with a considerable amount of government regulation and promotion. |
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Limited government |
Government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has certain rights that government cannot take away. |
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Representative government |
Government should serve the will of the people had also been developing in England for centuries. |
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Magna Carta |
A group of determined barons forced king john to sign the magna carta- the great charter- at Runnymede in 1215. Weary of john's military campaigns and heavy taxes, the barons who developed the ahna carts were seeking protection against heavy-handed and arbitrary acts by the king. The magna carts included such fundamental rights as trail by jury and due processes of law- protection against the arbitrary taking of life, liberty, or property. These protections against the absolute power of the king were originally intended only for the privileged classes. Over time they became the rights of all English people and were incorporated into other documents. The magna carta established the principle that the power of the monarchy was not absolute. |
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Petition of right |
In 1628, when Charles 1 asked parliament for more money in taxes , parliament refused until he signed the petition of right. The petition of right limited the kings power I'm several ways. Most importantly, the document demanded that the king no longer imprison or otherwise punish any person but by lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land. |
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English bill of rights |
Prohibited a standing army in peacetime, except with the consent of parliament, and required that all parliamentary elections be free.in addition, the document declared that the pretend power of suspending laws, o the execution of laws, by regal authority, without consent of parliament is illegal... That levying money for or to the use of the Crown... Without grant of parliament... Is illegal... That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king... And that prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal... The english bill of rights also included such guarantees as the right to a fair trail, and freedom from excessive bail and from cruel and unsual punishment. |
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