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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a person who is here for a long time and plans to become a citizen
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immigrant
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someone who is not a citizen
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alien
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List the five types of aliens:
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resident
non-resident enemy illegal refugee |
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legally here, permanent resident, probably intending on becoming a citizen
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resident alien
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legally here, plan on being here for a specific, specified time
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non-resident alien
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a citizen of a nation that the US is at war with, entitled to full protection
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enemy alien
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illegally here
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illegal alien
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aliens fleeing danger or persecution
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refugee
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The_______ ruling that Af. Am. were not US citizens led to the adoption of what amendment?
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Dred Scott; 14th
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citizens by law of the soil means?
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they are born in the US
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a citizen born to a parent who is a US citizen
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law of the blood
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Requirements of a naturalized citizen:
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1. good moral character, legal entry into the US
2. read, write, speak English 3. General knowledge of Am. history and govt and support the Am. govt |
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Who can take away citizenship?
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federal government only
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List the three ways to lose citizenship:
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Expatriation - leave country to live in another; crime- disloyalty (treason); denaturalization
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2 main responsibilities of Citizens
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1. need to know about the laws that govern society
2. participate in political life |
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What 2 things protect the rights of accused persons?
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constitution and bill of rights
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Which amendment offers protection from unreasonable search and seizure?
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4th
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In most cases, what is needed to conduct and search?
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warrant
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restricts the use of illegally obtained evidence
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exclusionary rule
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except in life and death cases, a warrant is needed
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Payton v. NY
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an anonymous tip about a gun does not give police the right to stop and frisk
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Florida v. J.L.
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if a crime is committed, no search warrant is needed
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Whren v. US
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if evidence is in plain view, no warrant is needed
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Atwater v. City
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search garbage, no expectation of privacy
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California v. Greenwood
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examples of exclusionary rule - illegally obtained evidence cannot be used
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Weeks v. US
Mapp v. Ohio |
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when police are acting in good faith, evidence that is illegally obtained can be used
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US v. Leon
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school officials do not need warrant to search on school property
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N. Jersey v. TLO
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mandatory drug tests for athletes
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Vernonia School District v. Acton
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wire tapping was allowed because no one entered the house
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Olmstead v. US
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over ruled Olmstead, warrant is needed to wire tap
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Katz v. US
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Amendment that says defendants have a right to counsel at state
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6th
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courts have to provide a lawyer in cases involving the death penalty
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Powell v. Alabama
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courts do NOT have to provide a lawyer in cases not involving the death penalty
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Betts v. Brady
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over ruled Betts v. Brady, courts must provide a lawyer if you cannot afford one
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Gideon v Wainwright
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The amendment that protects us from self incrimination
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5th
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you must be read your rights, asked for an attorney, denied
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Escobedo v. Illinois
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if suspects are not read their rights, evidence cannot be used against them
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Miranda v. Arizona
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List the 3 Miranda Rights:
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1: You have the right to remain silent, anything you say can will and will be used against you. (M)
2. You have the right to an attorney. (E) 3. If you cannot afford one, one will be provided for you. (G) |
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cannot be tried twice for the same crime
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double jeopardy
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This amendment protects us from double jeopardy.
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5th
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List 4 instances when Double Jeopardy can be used:
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1. Civil/Criminal
2.Federal law/State law 3.Jury cannot reach a verdict 4.Once act breaks several laws |
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This amendment protects us from cruel and unusual punishment
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8th
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Once proven guilty you enter the ______ _______
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Penalty phase
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When voting for death penalty:
12-0 means: 11-1 means: |
death
life |
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a general pardon the government offers to illegal aliens
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amnesty
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a law that applies to a particular person
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private law
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law of the soil
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jus soli
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law of the blood
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jus sanguinis
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loss of citizenship because of fraud or deception during the naturalization process
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denaturalization
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an attorney in federal cases provided by the court
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counsel
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