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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sequence structure |
Directs the computer to process the program instructions, one after another in the order listed in the program |
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Selection Structure |
The decision structure--based on conditions |
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Repetition structure |
loop, repeats instructions until some condition is met |
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Algorithm |
The steps you go through to solve a problem |
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fixed stream manipulator |
makes a floating point number display in fixed-notation; displays 6 decimal places |
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setprecision stream manipulator |
controls number of decimal places; must come after the fixed stream manipulator |
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char |
one character in single quotes |
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short |
integer (no decimal pt) |
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int |
integer (no decimal pt) |
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float |
single precision real (decimal point) |
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double |
double precision real (decimal point) |
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string |
zero or more character enclosed in double quotes |
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bool |
boolean value (true or false) |
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literal constants |
used to initialize values to a memory location; can be number, character, or string |
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implicit type conversion |
the computer converts a value to fit a memory location |
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explicit type conversion |
type casting; changing a value to fit a memory location enclosing the data on parentheses and preceding it with a keyword that represent the desired data type |
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stream |
a sequence of characters |
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extraction operator |
>> |
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insertion operator |
<< |
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stream manipulator |
manipulate input and output in some way. EX: endl |
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pretest loop |
evaluation occurs before the instructions within the loop are processed |
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post-test loop |
evaluation occurs after the instructions within the loop are processed |
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loop condition |
determines the numbers |
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sentinel values |
Used to end loops; also called flags, terminator values, trailer values |
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priming read |
used to prepare or setup the loop |
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update read |
allows the user to update the value of the input item that controls the looping condition |
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counter |
a numeric variable used for counting something |
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accumulator |
a numeric variable used for accumulating |
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for statement |
most commonly used for pretest loops whose processing is controlled by a counter |