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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Sequence structure

Directs the computer to process the program instructions, one after another in the order listed in the program

Selection Structure

The decision structure--based on conditions

Repetition structure

loop, repeats instructions until some condition is met

Algorithm

The steps you go through to solve a problem

fixed stream manipulator

makes a floating point number display in fixed-notation; displays 6 decimal places

setprecision stream manipulator

controls number of decimal places; must come after the fixed stream manipulator

char

one character in single quotes

short

integer (no decimal pt)

int

integer (no decimal pt)

float

single precision real (decimal point)

double

double precision real (decimal point)

string

zero or more character enclosed in double quotes

bool

boolean value (true or false)

literal constants

used to initialize values to a memory location; can be number, character, or string

implicit type conversion

the computer converts a value to fit a memory location

explicit type conversion

type casting; changing a value to fit a memory location enclosing the data on parentheses and preceding it with a keyword that represent the desired data type

stream

a sequence of characters

extraction operator

>>

insertion operator

<<

stream manipulator

manipulate input and output in some way. EX: endl

pretest loop

evaluation occurs before the instructions within the loop are processed

post-test loop

evaluation occurs after the instructions within the loop are processed

loop condition

determines the numbers

sentinel values

Used to end loops; also called flags, terminator values, trailer values

priming read

used to prepare or setup the loop

update read

allows the user to update the value of the input item that controls the looping condition

counter

a numeric variable used for counting something

accumulator

a numeric variable used for accumulating

for statement

most commonly used for pretest loops whose processing is controlled by a counter