Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
computer
|
performs 4 basic operations
|
|
|
input
|
receiving data.
|
|
|
processing
|
convert input into info
|
|
|
output
|
displaying of the information
|
|
|
storage
|
saving the info
|
|
|
computer system
|
collection of related components that work together
|
|
|
hardware
|
physical components of the comp. and it's related devices
|
|
|
motherboard
|
circuit board that connects the cpu
|
|
|
software
|
collection of programs
|
|
|
data
|
raw facts
|
|
|
central processing unit
|
directed by software to perform operations on input data
|
|
|
RAM
|
temp. storage
|
|
|
Storage devices
|
hardware that retains the programs and data even when the comp. is off
|
|
|
communications
|
movement of data/info within and between comps.
|
|
|
communications device
|
hardware component that moves data in and out of the comp.
|
|
|
network
|
two or more connected comps.
|
|
|
Network interface card (NIC)
|
hardware element in system unit that houses the electric components used to connect comp. to network.
|
|
|
computer forensics
|
deals with legal evidence
|
|
|
ergonomics
|
fit between people and their equipment and their work
|
|
|
bugs
|
errors
|
|
|
computer ethics
|
branch of philisophy
|
|
|
digital piracy
|
cd's dvd's etc.
|
|
|
elearning
|
use of comps to learn not in a classroom
|
|
|
automation
|
when a robot takes your place at your job
|
|
|
outsourcing
|
moving parts of your job to different people to cut costs
|
|
|
structural unemployment
|
when advancing technology makes an entire job field obsolete.
|
|
|
e-waste
|
disposing of comps and towers, etc
|
|
|
bit
|
single circuit. either on or off.
|
|
|
binary digits
|
0 and 1 . on or off state.
|
|
|
binary numbers
|
a pattern of binary digits
|
|
|
byte
|
eight bits. represents one character of data.
|
|
|
data storage
|
bytes used to measure _______
|
|
|
kilobyte
|
1000 bytes
|
|
|
megabyte
|
one million bytes
|
|
|
gigabyte
|
one billion bytes
|
|
|
terabyte
|
one trillion bytes
|
|
|
system unit
|
houses the comps main hardware. TOWER
|
|
|
form factor
|
specification on how and where stuff is mounted or located
|
|
|
motherboard
|
flat piece of plastic or fiberglass that contains thousands of electrical circuits.
|
|
|
transistor
|
electronic switch that controls the flow of signals through the circuit.
|
|
|
central processing unit. CPU
|
processing electronic signals.
|
|
|
machine cycle
|
the four step process the CPU creates.
|
|
|
control unit
|
switches from one stage to the next and performs the action of that stage.
|
|
|
fetch
|
retrieves next program.
|
|
|
decode
|
takes fetched instruction and translates it into a form the control unit understands.
|
|
|
execute
|
performs requested instruction
|
|
|
arithmetic logic unit ALU
|
performs basic mathematic instructions.
|
|
|
store
|
stores the results
|
|
|
registers
|
temp storage located in CPU
|
|
|
data bus
|
parallel wires that acts as a highway for data to travel between computers or components.
|
|
|
word size
|
maximum number of bits the CPU can process at once.
|
|
|
system clock
|
electronic circuit that makes rapid pulses to synch
|
|
|
superscalar architecture
|
refers to the design of the CPU
|
|
|
pipelining
|
technique that feeds new instruction into the CPU at every step of the processing cycle so that four or more instructions are worked on simultaneously.
|
|
|
parallel processing
|
uses more than one processor to execute a program.
|
|
|
multi-core processing
|
dual-core and quad-core processors that are intended to correct slowdown
|
|
|
memory
|
chips in the motherboard in the CPU
|
|
|
RAM
|
random access memory. Not permanent.
|
|
|
memory footprint
|
amount of RAM a comp uses while it operates.
|
|
|
virtual memory
|
comp uses virtual memory when RAM gets full.
|
|
|
Cache memory
|
small unit of ultrafast memory that stores frequently used data.
|
|
|
read only memory. ROM
|
instructions are pre-recorded and not erased when the system is shut down
|
|
|
basic input/output system BIOS
|
the first code to run when a system is powered on. checks that everything is there.
|
|
|
front panel
|
the front side of the tower
|
|
|
USB universal serial bus.
|
connect devices. designed to replace old parallel ports.
|
|
|
hot swapping
|
connect and disconnect devices without shutting down your computer
|
|
|
plug and play
|
set of standards that enables the comp to tell what brand, model, etc of a device when you plug it in
|
|
|
usb hub
|
power cord for usb
|
|
|
telephone connector
|
plugging comp into a phone outlet
|
|
|
netword connector
|
looks like a telephone port but is much bigger and faster.
|
|
|
pc and card slots
|
slots for plugging in pc and card slots like usb ports.
|
|
|
input devices
|
lets me put data in
|
|
|
keyboards
|
most common input device.
|
|
|
enhanced keyboards
|
contain additional keys
|
|
|
insertion point
|
cursor.
|
|
|
cursor movement keys
|
arrow keys
|
|
|
toggle key
|
key for on and off.
|
|
|
function key
|
F keys, escape key, execute keyboard shortcuts.
|
|
|
modifier keys
|
ctrl, shift. modify the meaning of the next key you press.
|
|
|
pointing device
|
input device that allows you to control the movements of the on screen pointer.
|
|
|
pointer
|
the on screen symbol (the arrow)
|
|
|
mouse
|
moving the cursor
|
|
|
optical mouse
|
makes use of an LED light on the underside of the light that monitors the surface it is on top of.
|
|
|
travel mouse
|
half the size of a normal mouse but with all same capabilities.
|
|
|
wheel mouse
|
the mouse with the wheel on it.
|
|
|
wireless mouse
|
cordless mouse aka, transmits infared or radio signals toa base station receiver on the computer.
|
|
|
air mouse
|
motion sensing device that recognizes movements made by a normal mouse but does not need a surface.
|
|
|
mouse alternatives
|
trackball, pointing stick, touchpad, click wheel, joystick, stylus, touch screen
|
|
|
output devices
|
enable people to see, hear, and even feel the results of processing operations.
|
|
|
monitors
|
aka displays. display data and output
|
|
|
soft copy
|
not permanent record
|
|
|
hard copy
|
permanent record, like printed out.
|
|
|
cathode-ray tube
|
big old bulky computer monitors.
|
|
|
LCD's or flat-pannel displays
|
a grid of pixels. generates light waves to make images and colors.
|
|
|
screen size
|
measured diagonally
|
|
|
resolution
|
sharpness of an image,
|
|
|
printers
|
hard copy
|
|
|
inkjet printers
|
a spray of ink used when printing
|
|
|
laser printer
|
high resolution non impact printer
|
|
|
dot-matrix printers
|
also known as impact printers. striking pins against an ink ribbon.
|
|
|
additional output devices
|
projectors, scanners, copier, fax
|
|
|
storage
|
refers to ways a comp system retains software and data for future use.
|
|
|
storage devices
|
hard disks, flash memory, usb, cd, dvd,
|
|
|
platters
|
programs, data and processed results are stored.
|
|
|
secondary storage
|
or fixed storage can be both RAM and magnetic storage.
|
|
|
NTFS new technology file storage
|
improved security
|
|
|
partition
|
a section of a hard disk set aside as if it were a separate disk.
|
|
|
disk cache
|
a type of RAM incorporated on the circuit board within the hard drive case.
|
|
|
network attached storage
|
storage on a network
|
|
|
remote storage
|
accessible from the internet. referred to internet hard drive.
|
|
|
flash drive
|
storage device that uses solid-state circuitry. no moving parts.
|
|
|
flash memory
|
stores data electronically on a chip in sections known as blocks.
|
|
|
usb flash drives
|
removable storage.
|
|
|
pits
|
scatter the laser's light in certain areas on a disk.
|
|
|
lands
|
flat reflective surfaces that bounce the light back to a light-sensing device when sends signal; to a binary #1
|
|
|
holographic storage
|
uses two laser beams to create a pattern on photosenstive media.
|
|
|
eye-fi
|
wireless memory card.
|
|
|
backup
|
copy of programs and data.
|
