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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transport systems: |
Heart Blood Vessels |
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Main function of circulatory syste |
To carry oxygen and nutrients to every cell of the bodyand to remove carbon dioxide and other wastes |
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The movement of materials fom blood to cells and vice versa |
Diffusion |
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Muscular organ positioned behind the ribcage and between the lungs |
Heart |
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4 chambers of heart |
2 upper chambers of right and left atria 2 lower chambers of right and left ventricles |
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Seperates each atrium fim a veentricle |
One way valve |
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Wall of tissue |
Septum |
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Also called as fluid tissue, contains cells |
Blood |
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How much liters of blood a typical person has? |
4-5 litters |
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Transport system w/c the oxygen and nutrients eeach the body cell and waste materials |
Blood |
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Pale yellowish liquid that is about 92% of water |
Bloos plasma |
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Solube proteins: |
Globulin Fibrinogen- & Prothrombin- important part in clotting of blood |
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Food substances: |
Glucose Amino acids Fats Vitamins |
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Excretory products: |
Urea uric acid creatinine Carbon dioxide Bicarbonate ions |
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Transport oxygen and some carbon dioxide throughout the body |
Red blood cells |
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Helps to defeat diseases |
White blood cells |
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Help the blood to clot when we cut ourselves |
Blood platelets |
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Circular flattend and bio cave disc with the center of the cell thinner than it's edge |
Erythrocytes Eryth- red Cytes- cells |
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Cubic mm of blood? |
5 000 000 RBCs |
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Red chemical pigment, special kindof protein containing iron |
Hemoglobin |
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Colorless and do not contain hemoglobin |
Leukocytes/White blood cells |
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Ratio of RBC and WBC? |
1 WBC= 700 RBC |
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2 different types of WBC |
Lymphocytes Phagocytes |
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Produce by lymph glands or nodes. |
Lymphocytes |
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Produced by bone marrow; can ingest foreign particles like bacteria |
Phagocytes |
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Long sticky strands formed by plasma when blood vessels are damaged |
Fibrin |
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2 main functions of blood |
Transport function Protective function |
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3 types of blood vessels |
Veins Arteries Capilliaries |
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Move blood that carrying waste products toward the heart |
Veins |
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Is a flap of tissue that prevents the backflow of blood and keep its flow in one direction |
Valve |
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Move blood away from the heart |
Arteries |
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Arteries and veins are connected by very small blood vessels |
Capilliaries |
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Sends oxygen poor blood from upper body of the right atrium |
Superior vena cava |
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Send blood to right ventricle |
Right atrium |
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Sends oxygen poor blood from lower body yo the right atrium |
Inferior vena cava |
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Send blood to right artery |
Right ventricle |
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Send blood to the coronary arteries to the rest of the body |
Aorta |
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Sends blood into the lungs |
Pulmonary artery |
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Return blood to the left atrium |
Pulmonary veins |
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Send blood to the left ventricle |
Left atrium |
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Send blood to the aorta |
Left ventricle |
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Transport the oxygen depleted blood from the heart to the lungs; oxygenate the blood |
Pulmonary circulation |
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3 valves that prevents backfloe of the blood |
Bicuspud Tricuspid Seminular valves |
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Has a shape of a blunt cone and is approximately the size of a closed fist |
Adult heart |
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Blunt rounded point of the cone |
Apex |
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Larger flat part at the opposite end of the cone |
Base |
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Midline partition |
Mediastinum |
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Double layered closed sac that surrounds the heart, consist of tough fibrous connective tissue outer layer |
Fibrous pericardium |
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Thin transparent inner layer of sumple squamous epithelium |
Serous pericardium |
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Prevents overdistention ofbthe heart and anchors |
Fibrous pericardium |
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Part of the serous pericardium lining of the fibrous pericardium |
Parietal pericardium |
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Parts covering the heart surface |
Visceral Pericardium or Epicardium |
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Between the visceral and parietal pericardia |
Pericardial cavity |
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Helps reduce friction as the heart moves within the pericardial sac |
Pericardial fluid |
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Thin serous membrane comprising the smooth outer surface of the heart |
Epicardium |
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Thic middle layer of the heart |
Myocardium |
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Smooth inner surface of the heart chambers |
Endocardium |
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Interior surface tatbare mainly flat but the interior of both auricles and part of the right atrial wall are modified by a muscular ridges |
Musculi pectinati |
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MP are seperated from the larger smooth portions of the atrial wall by a ridge |
Crista Terminalis |
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Interior wall of the ventricles are modified by ridges and column |
Trabeculae carnaea |
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Entire atrium |
Auricle |
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Two arteries runs obliquely around the heart separating the atria from the ventricles |
Aorta and Large coronary |
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This is the major branch of the left coronary artery and it extends inferiorly in the interventicular sulcus and supplies blood to most of the anterior part of the heart |
Anterior inventicular artery |
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Supplies blood to the lateral wall of left ventricle |
Marginal branch |
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Left coronary arteries extends around to the posterior side of the heart in coronary sulcus |
Circumflex branch |
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Branched of the right coronary artery supply blood to the lateral wall of the right ventricle |
Posterior interventicular artery |
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Has 3 major openings through which veins enter the heart from various parts of the body |
Right atrium |
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Has four relatively uniform openings tht receive the four pulmonary veins |
Left atrium |
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A slight oval depression on the right side of the septum that marks the former location of the foramen ovale |
Fossa ovalis |
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Opens into the pulmonary trunk |
Right ventricle |
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Opens into the aorta |
Left ventricle |
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It seperated the two ventricles from one another and has a thick muscular part toward the apex and a thin membraneous part toward the atria |
Interventricular septum |
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Is on each atrioventricular canal and is composed of cusps or flaps and it allows blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles but prevent blood from flowing back to the atria |
Atrioventricular valve |
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3 cusps between right atrium and right ventricle |
Tricuspid valves |
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Two cusps betwen left atrium and left ventricle |
Bicuspid or mitral valve |
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Cone shaped muscular pillars |
Papilliary muscles |
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Thin strong connective tissue strings |
Chordae tendineae |
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Heart muscles is not getting enough blood flow |
Ischemia |
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Pain in the chest |
Angina pectoris |
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Abnormal heart rates |
Arrhythmia or dysrthythmia |
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Blood flows through 4 chambers in the heart separated by one way valve |
Mitral prolapse, stenosis, regurgitation |
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Infarction is blockage of blood flow resulting in death of muscle tissue |
Myocardial infraction |
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Pain that results from a reduction in blood supply to cardiac muscle |
Angina pectoris |
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Is a process whereby a small balloon is threaded through the aorta and into a coronary artery |
Angioplasty |
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Surgical procedure that relieves the effectsnof obstruction in the coronary arteries |
Coronary bypas surgery |
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Heart beats? |
3 billion times |
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Blood cells die? |
8 million every sec and 8 million every birth |
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Tiny droplet of blood |
5 million RBC |
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Seconds RBC circulate to body |
20 sec |
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RBC madebup of how many round trips aroud the body before returning to the bone marrow? |
250 000 |
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RBC may live? Feeding howmany body cells? |
4 months; 60 trillion |
