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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the cardiovascular system?
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A collection of organs that transport blood throughout the body
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Define Cardio and Vascular.
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Cardio- Heart
Vascular- Blood Vessels |
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What is the heart made of?
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Cardiac muscle tissue
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How large is the heart?
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About the size of a fist
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Where is the heart located?
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In the middle of your chest
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What does the right side of your heart do?
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Pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs
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What does the left side of your heart do?
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Pumps oxygen rich blood to the body
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What are the upper chambers of the heart called?
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Atria (singular, atrium)
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What are the lower chambers of the heart called?
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Ventricles
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What are valves?
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Flap-like structures located between atria, ventricles and large arteries attached to the heart
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What is the main function of valves?
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To prevent blood from flowing backwards
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What is a heart beat?
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A valve closing
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Where does blood enter the heart?
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The atria
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Does the left atrium recieve oxygen rich blood or oxygen poor blood?
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Oxygen rich
The right recieves oxygen poor |
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What happens when the atria contract?
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Blood is squeezed into ventricles
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What happens when ventricles contract?
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Blood is pushed out of the heart
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Where does the blood on the right go after being pushed out of the ventricle?
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The lungs
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Where does the blood on the left go after being pushed out of the ventricle?
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The body
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What does an artery do?
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Carries blood away from the heart
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What is a capillary?
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A tiny, thin blood vessel that allows an exchange between blood cells in other tissue
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What is a vein?
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A blood vessel that carries blood to the heart
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What is circulation?
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The flow of blood
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What is pulmonary circulation?
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The flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
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Define systemic circulation.
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The flow of blood from the heart to the body and back to the heart
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Name five cardiovascular problems
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Atherosclerosis
Hypertension (High blood pressure) Stroke Heart Attack Heart Failure |
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What is atherosclerosis?
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Atherosclerosis happens when cholesterol builds up inside of blood vessels
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What is a stroke?
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A stroke happens when a blood vessel in the brain is clogged leaving the brain with no oxygen
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What is a heart attack?
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A heart attack happens when an artery is blocked, preventing oxygen from reaching the heart and causing muscle damage
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What is heart failure?
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Heart failure happens when the heart cannot pump enough blood to the body causing organ failure
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What does blood transport?
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Carbon Dioxide, Oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
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What is blood made of?
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Plasma, RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets
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How much blood is in the average adult human body?
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Five liters
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What is plasma?
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A mixture of water, minerals, nutrients, sugars, and proteins
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What do RBCs do?
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Carry oxygen to cells
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What is hemoglobin?
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An oxygen carrying protein that is found in RBCs
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What do platelets do?
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They create blood clots
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What do WBCs do?
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They destroy pathogens
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What are antibodies?
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Chemicals that release, identify, or destroy dead or damaged cells
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How does blood regulate body temperature?
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Heat from blood is transferred to skin
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What is systolic pressure?
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The pressure inside of arteries when ventricles contract
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What is diastolic pressure?
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The pressure inside arteries when ventricles relax
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Is diastolic the top or bottom number?
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Bottom
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Name the four blood types.
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A
B AB O |
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Why is "O" called a universal donor?
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"O" can be donated to any other blood type
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What determines your blood type?
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The chemical surface of your RBCs
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What is your Respiratory system?
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A collection of organs whose main function is to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide
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Define respiration.
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The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living things and the environment
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Name two types of respiration
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Breathing
Cellular Respiration |
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What is the main passageway in and out of the Respiratory system?
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The nose
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What is the pharynx?
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The passsage from the mouth to the larynx and esophagus
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What three things travel through the pharynx?
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Food
Drink Air |
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What two things travel down the esophagus?
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Food
Drink |
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What travels through the larynx?
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Air
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What are vocal chords?
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Elastic bands stretched across the larynx
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What is the trachea?
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The tube that connects the larynx to the lungs and splits into two braches
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What are bronchi?
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Tubes that connect the lungs with the trachea and branch into two smaller tubes
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What are alveoli?
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Tiny sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
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What is the diaphragm?
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The dome shaped muscle below the lungs
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What happens when you breathe?
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Air is sucked into or out of the lungs without using any muscles
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What happens when you inhale?
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The diaphragm contracts and moves down
The chest cavity increases Rib muscles contract and lift your ribcage A vacuum is formed Air is sucked in |
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What happens when you exhale?
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You inhale in reverse
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What happens during cellular respiration?
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Oxygen is used to release energy stored in glucose
carbon dioxide and water are released |
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Name three Respiratory disorders.
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Asthma
SARS Emphysema |
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What condition do you have when your bronchioles narrow?
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Asthma
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What condition do you have when your alveoli are damaged?
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Emphysema
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