Cim Part 1

Front 1

Automated Guidance Vehicle (AGV)

Back 1

A computer-controlled system that uses pallets and other interface equipment to transport work pieces to NC machine tools and other equipment in a flexible manufacturing system.

Front 2

Automated Storage/Retrieval System (ASRS)

Back 2

A system that moves material either vertically or horizontally between a storage compartment and a transfer station or within a process.

Front 3

Automation

Back 3

The use of technology to ease human labor or extend the mental or physical capabilities of humans.

Front 4

Computer Aided Design (CAD)

Back 4

The use of computers in converting the initial idea for a product into a detailed engineering design.

Front 5

Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Back 5

The use of computers in converting engineering designs into finished products.

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Six SIGMA

Back 6

A measure of quality that strives for near perfection. To achieve this, a process must not produce more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.

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Robotics

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The science and technology of robots, their design, manufacture, and application.

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Dependent Variable

Back 8

A variable whose value depends on the value of another variable.

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Independent Variable

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The controlling factor between variables, on which the value of the other variable depends.

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Just in Time (JIT)

Back 10

A system that eliminates work-in-process (WIP) inventory by scheduling arrival of parts and assemblies for an operation at the time they are needed and not before.

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Kaizen

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Continuous improvement that involves all participants.

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Lean Manufacturing

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The systematic elimination of waste.

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Manufacturing

Back 13

A series of interrelated activities and operations that involve product design and the planning, producing, materials control, quality assurance, management, and marketing of that product.

Front 14

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

Back 14

A company-wide management philosophy for planning, integration, and implementation of automation.

Front 15

Variable

Back 15

A quantity that can assume any of a set of values.

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Flow Lines

Back 16

The connecting line or arrow between symbols on a flow chart.

Front 17

Flow Chart

Back 17

A graphical representation of the progress of a system for the definition, analysis, or solution of a data-processing or manufacturing problem.

Front 18

Decision Block

Back 18

The diamond-shaped block used for YES/NO questions. These blocks have two outputs: 1 (for yes) and 2 (for no).

Front 19

Control System

Back 19

A system in which one or more outputs are forced to change in a desired manner as time progresses.

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Closed Loop

Back 20

A system that uses feedback from the output to control the input.

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Input/Output Block

Back 21

A function that makes information available for processing or that records processed information.

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Interface

Back 22

The connection between the computer and the control system.

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Iterative

Back 23

Process flow that may repeat or skip steps until some condition is satisfied.

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Open Loop

Back 24

A control system that has no means for comparing the output with input for control purposes. Often requires human intervention.

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Potentiometer

Back 25

A variable resistor.

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Process Block

Back 26

Part of a flowchart that tells the program what action to take.

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Schematic

Back 27

A diagram that uses special symbols in place of actual pictures. In a wiring schematic, for example, a squiggly line is used to represent a resistor.

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Sequential

Back 28

Occurring in regular succession without gaps.

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Simulation

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A representation of a situation or problem with a similar but simpler model or a more easily manipulated model in order to determine experimental results.

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Fixed Costs

Back 30

A periodic cost that remains (more or less) unchanged irrespective of the output level or sales revenue of a firm.

Front 31

Non-Value Added (NVA)

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Typically generates a zero or negative return on the investment of resources and usually can be eliminated without impairing a process.

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Overhead

Back 32

The general, fixed cost of running a business, such as rent, lighting, and heating expenses, which cannot be charged or attributed to a specific product or part of the work operation.

Front 33

Profit

Back 33

The monetary surplus left to a producer or employer after deducting wages, rent, cost of raw materials, etc.

Front 34

Raw Materials

Back 34

Basic substance in its natural, modified, or semi-processed state, used as an input to a production process for subsequent modification or transformation into a finished good.

Front 35

Value-Added

Back 35

The difference between the price at which goods are sold and the cost of the materials used to make them.

Front 36

Variable Cost

Back 36

Periodic cost that varies, more or less, in step with the output or the sales revenue of a firm. Such costs include raw material, energy usage, labor (wages), distribution costs, etc.

Front 37

Competent

Back 37

Properly or sufficiently qualified; capable or efficient.

Front 38

Defective

Back 38

Imperfect in form or function.

Front 39

Design Flaws

Back 39

An imperfection in an object or machine.

Front 40

Durability

Back 40

The quality of equipment or goods of continuing to be useful after an extended period of time and usage.

Front 41

Economics

Back 41

Dealing with production, distribution, and consumption of products or wealth.

Front 42

Ethics

Back 42

The standards for ethical or moral behavior of a particular group. In our case it will be the Engineering Code of Ethics.

Front 43

Quality Control

Back 43

The process of making sure that products or services meet consistently high standards.

Front 44

Functionality

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The ability of a product to do the job for which it was intended.

Front 45

Purpose

Back 45

What one intends to do or bring about.

Front 46

Morality

Back 46

Rules relating to principles of right and wrong in behavior.

Front 47

3D Printing

Back 47

1) Rapid prototyping processes use systems that are low cost, small in size, fast, easy to use, and often suitable for an office environment. 2) Collective term for all rapid prototyping activities.

Front 48

Concept Model

Back 48

Physical model intended primarily for design review and not meant to be sufficiently accurate or durable for full functional or physical testing.

Front 49

Ceramics

Back 49

Any of various hard, brittle, heat-resistant, and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing a nonmetallic mineral, such as clay, at a high temperature.

Front 50

Casting

Back 50

The process in which a solid material is made into a liquid, poured into a mold, and allowed to harden in the shape of the mold.

Front 51

Build Time

Back 51

Length of time for the physical construction of a rapid prototype, excluding preparation and post-processing time. Also known as run time.

Front 52

Assembling

Back 52

The process of putting a product together out of separate parts.

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Additive Process

Back 53

Fabrication of a part by adding material.

Front 54

Conditioning Process

Back 54

Process in which the properties of a material are changed using mechanical, thermal, or chemical means.

Front 55

Forging

Back 55

A process by which metal is heated and shaped by plastic deformation by suitably applying compressive force.

Front 56

Finishing Process

Back 56

Machining a surface to size with a fine feed produced in a lathe, milling machine, or grinder.

Front 57

Exhaustible Resources

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Resources of which there are a limited supply.

Front 58

Electrochemical Machining (ECM)

Back 58

A process in which a stream of electrolyte (typically salt water) is pumped at high pressure through a gap between the positively charged work and the negatively charged tool (electrode).

Front 59

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM)

Back 59

A process by which an electrode spark is used to erode small amounts of material from a work piece.

Front 60

Die Casting

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Similar to permanent mold casting except that the metal is injected into the mold under high pressure.

Front 61

Forming Process

Back 61

A process that changes the size and shape of a material by a combination of force and a shaped form.

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Molding

Back 62

A manufacturing process in which the industrial material is made into a liquid. The liquid is then introduced (poured or forced) into a prepared mold of proper design.

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Metals

Back 63

Any of a category of electropositive elements that usually have a shiny surface, are generally good conductors of heat and electricity, and can be melted or fused, hammered into thin sheets, or drawn into wires.

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Injection Molding

Back 64

A process during which plastic is heated in a machine and forced into a cavity by a screw or ram. The material solidifies and is then ejected.

Front 65

Industrial Material

Back 65

Material that has been changed from raw material so that it is ready to be used in manufacturing. Also referred to as standard stock.

Front 66

Grinding

Back 66

An operation that removes material by rotating an abrasive wheel or belt against the work.

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Plastics

Back 67

Materials that undergo a permanent change in shape or size when subjected to a particular amount of stress.

Front 68

Rapid Prototyping

Back 68

Computer-controlled additive fabrication. Commonly used synonyms for RP are three-dimensional printing, additive fabrication, freeform fabrication, solid freeform fabrication, and stereolithography. Note that most of these synonyms are imprecise.

Front 69

Prototype

Back 69

A full-scale working model used to test a design concept by making actual observations and necessary adjustments.

Front 70

Primary Processing

Back 70

The first step in manufacturing where raw materials are processed into a usable form for further manufacture.

Front 71

Post Processing

Back 71

A common practice that includes clean up and finishing procedures on models after they are removed from the rapid prototyping machine. It may also include mechanical or chemical removal of support structures, powder removal, and surface finishing.

Front 72

Photopolymer

Back 72

Liquid resin material that utilizes light (visible or ultra-violet) as a catalyst to initiate polymerization, in which the material cross-links and solidifies. This technique is used by various rapid prototyping technologies.

Front 73

Raw Materials

Back 73

Basic substance in its natural, modified, or semi-processed state, used as an input to a production process for subsequent modification or transformation into a finished good.

Front 74

Water Jet Cutting

Back 74

A process that uses a high speed jet of water emitted from a nozzle under high pressure (10,000-60,000 psi or greater). The advantage of water jet cutting is that it does not create a burr and it is a low temperature process.

Front 75

Vacuum Forming

Back 75

Process to heat a thermoplastic sheet until it softens and then force the hot and pliable material against the contours of a mold using vacuum pressure.

Front 76

Subtractive Process

Back 76

Processes that remove material to change the size, shape, or surface of a part. There are two groups of separating processes: machining and shearing.

Front 77

Stereolithography

Back 77

A rapid prototyping process that fabricates a part layer-wise by hardening a photopolymer with a guided laser beam.

Front 78

Separating

Back 78

A process that removes excess material to change the size, shape, or surface.

Front 79

Sand Casting

Back 79

A process of pressing moist sand around a pattern to make a mold. The pattern is removed, leaving a cavity in the sand. The cavity is the mold that will be filled with liquid metal. The result will be a casting that is identical in shape to the original pattern.

Front 80

Renewable Resources

Back 80

Biological materials that can be replaced.

Front 81

Computer Numerical Control (CNC)

Back 81

A numerical control method in which one computer is linked with one machine tool to perform NC functions.

Front 82

Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)

Back 82

The use of computers in converting engineering designs into finished products.

Front 83

Bench Grinder

Back 83

A grinding machine that has been mounted to a bench or table. The grinding wheels mount directly onto the motor shaft. Normally one wheel is coarse, for roughing, and the other is fine, for finishing.

Front 84

Block

Back 84

A single line of code in an NC part program.

Front 85

Feed

Back 85

The distance advanced by the cutting tool along the length of the work for every revolution of the spindle.

Front 86

Lathe

Back 86

A machine tool used for turning cylindrical forms on work pieces. Modern lathes are often equipped with digital readouts and numerical controls.

Front 87

Laser

Back 87

An acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Some common uses for lasers are cutting, measuring, and guidance systems.

Front 88

Jig

Back 88

A device that holds and locates a piece of work and guides the tools that operate upon it.

Front 89

Fixture

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A device designed and built for holding a particular piece of work for machining operations.

Front 90

Machinability

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The ease or difficulty of machining as it relates to the hardness of a material to be cut.

Front 91

Part Program

Back 91

The instructions written by the programmer to produce a workpiece.

Front 92

Parameter

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Attribute of a feature, such as a dimension, that can be modified.

Front 93

Numerical Control (NC)

Back 93

Any controlled equipment that allows an operator to program its movements through a series of coded instructions consisting of numbers, letters, symbols, etc.

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Modal

Back 94

Information that is retained by the system until new information is obtained.

Front 95

Milling Machine

Back 95

A machine that removes material from work by means of a rotary cutter.

Front 96

Spindle Speed

Back 96

The number of revolutions per minute (RPM) that is made by the cutting tool of a machine.

Front 97

V-Block

Back 97

A square or rectangular steel block with a 90 degree V-groove through the center, provided with a clamp for holding round stock for drilling, milling, and laying out operations.

Front 98

Tolerance

Back 98

The amount of interference required for two or more parts that are in contact. The amount of variation, over or under the required size, permitted on a piece of machined work.