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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a chromosome?
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compact unit that DNA is packed into; DNA from one cell is 3 feet long when stretched out
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How many chromosomes in one cell?
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For humans, it's 46: two sets of 23.
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How many chromosomes in other living creatures?
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Varies: mosquito 6, onion 16, carp 104
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How is gender determined?
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Two X chromosomes for female; one X and one Y for male
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What is a karyotype?
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organized profile of a person's chromosomes: organized and arranged by size from largest to smallest
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How do you make a karyotype?
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Take picture of chromosomes, then organize using size, banding pattern, and centromere as guide
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What are centromeres?
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regions in chromosomes that appear constricted or narrow
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What does a centromere do?
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Required for chromosome separation: they make sure each new cell has one full set of chromosomes
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What are the three types of centromeres?
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metacentric: near middle
submetacentric: off center so one "arm" of chromosome is longer--shorter arm goes on top for matching acrocentric: near end of chromosome |
