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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pentecost |
Beginning of harvest--50 days after passover |
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Messiah |
Savior, Liberator, Jesus |
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Sanhedrin |
Jewish high court--had to get allowance from the king |
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Vulgate |
Latin translation of Bible--Catholic Church's latin version of the Bible |
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Apostolic Succession |
line of bishops back to the apostles |
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Arianism |
Belief that Christ was 1st of the God the Father's creation and being through whom created all other things |
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Eucharist |
"Thanksgiving" celebration of Lord's Last Supper. Bread and wine blessed and consumed in honor of the Lord's flesh and blood |
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Council of Nicaea (DATE) |
325 AD--Council of Christian bishops |
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Orthodox |
"Correct" faith in Christianity and acceptance of the doctrines |
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Heretics |
"Takers" of contrary positions, namely in Christianity. Opposing Orthodox |
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Fief |
"Lands" granted to cavalry men to fund their equipment and service |
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Papal States |
Central part of Italy; Pope Stephen became he secular ruler. Pope rules as secular ruler |
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Muhammad |
Prophet of Islam. Claims to hear voice of Alah and records it in the Quran |
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Serfs |
Peasant bound to land they work |
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Manor |
self-sufficient rural community that was fundamental institution in medieval life. Where serfs worked the land |
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Vassal |
person granted an estate or cash payment in return for rendering service to a lord |
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Three-feild system |
two fields get crops, one field left empty. Restorative system of crop rotation to insure soil fertility |
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Charlemagne (DATE of crowning) |
Crowned on Christmas day in 800. Established political order; feudalism; classical learning centralization |
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Carolingian Renaissance |
reading and writing, ancient learning; minuscule form of writing |
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Papal Primacy |
bishop of Rome is universal pastor and supreme head of the church. Pope has ultimate authority |
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Agricultural Revolution
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Increase crop yield, 3 field system, tandem harnessing, heavy plow |
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Albigensians |
Heretical sect, simple pious way of life, following the example of Jesus and apostles but rejected key Christian doctrines |
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Beguines |
sisterhoods of pious self-supporting single women |
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Alexius I |
Byzantine emperor (1081-1118) during the crusades |
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Crusades (DATE of capture of Jerusalem) |
Captured in July of 1099. Campaigns authorized by the church to combat heresies and rival faiths |
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Fourth Crusade |
1201-1204 Constantinople captured by crusaders |
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Saladin |
First sultan of Egypt and Syria founder of dynasty |
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Knights Templar |
miltant order; both monks and knights. destroyed in 14th century. Formed after 1st crusade--wealthy order |
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Council of Clermont (DATE) |
1095, Urban calls for the first crusade--Byzatine emperor asks for help |
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Plenary Indulgence |
If killed, all sines are gone and you go to heaven without serving any time in pergatory |
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Simony |
Simon the Sorcerer, buying and selling of offices |
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Investiture Struggle |
authority to appoint and control clergy, Pope Gregory excommunicated Henry IV settles at Concordat of Worms 1122 |
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Cluniac Reform |
restoring traditional monastic life, encouraging art |
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Regular Clergy Secular Clergy |
Live under monastic rule Live in the world |
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Gregory VII |
Gregorian reform; papacy should choose bishops; excommunicates Henry IV |
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Concordat of Worms |
struggle settled 1122 Henry chooses bishops |
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Fourth Lateran Council (DATE) |
1215 Celebrate mass, confess sins, and transubstantiation (bread and wine=body and blood) |
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Franciscans Dominicans |
Order out in the world begging Order of preachers, academics, educators, inquisition; attached to universities |
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St. Thomas Aquinas |
Writer of "On Kingship", catholic priest, doctor of the church |
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William the Conqueror |
Duke of Normandy, combined feudalism and anglo-sexton--made all England his domain--20 year conquest |
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Bayeux Tapestry |
Battle of Hastings |
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Domesday Book |
Recording of survey of land |
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Angevin Empire |
Empire created by union of Eleanor and Henry
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Magna Carta (DATE) |
"Great Charter" 1215, document that spelled out limitations on royal authority to King John in 1215 |
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Thomas A Becket |
Arch bishop of Canterbury; Saint and Martyr for the Catholic Church and Anglican communion |
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Capetian Dynasty |
Frankish origin |
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Ile-De-France |
Region in central France near Paris |
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Banalities |
monopolies maintained by landowners. Tenants pay to grind all grain in landowners will |
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Scholasticism |
Method of study associated with the medieval university; Attempt to combine Aristotelian philosophy with Christian theology |
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Peter Abelard |
Scholastic philosopher and theologian |
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Universities |
Church and schools, teaching of the 7 liberal arts |
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Summae |
Summary |
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Trivium Quadrivium |
T: Grammer, rhetoric, logic (language arts) Q: Arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music |
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Merchant guilds |
where merchants can sell items have ownership over all items |
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Three Orders of Medieval Society |
Oratores-clergy Bellatores-knights Laboratores-serfs and peasants |
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Dubbing Ceremony |
knights kneel in front of king to get knighthood |
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Black Death |
plague that hit Sicily and spread through Europe; reduced the population |
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Flagellants |
subjects someone to flogging by 2/5 |
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Jacquerie |
communal uprising or revolt bloddy rebellions that peasants waged |
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Estates General |
assembly of representatives from France's propertied classes |
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The Great Schism |
split within the Catholic church |
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Conciliar Theory |
council could effectively regulate the actions of the pope |
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Babylonian Captivity of the Church |
attacked 7 sacraments only 2 (baptism and eucharist) are biblical--Papacy moved to Avighon |
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John Wycliffe |
Scholastic philosopher, Biblical translator, Roman Catholic priest |
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John Huss |
Czech priest early Christian reformer |
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Clerico Laicos |
a papal bull which forbade lay taxation of the clergy without papal approval |
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Unam Sanctam |
declared that temporal authority was subject to the spiritual power of the church, besieged papacy |
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The 100 Years War |
1337-1453 England vs France, series of hit and run attacks by England almost 100% in French territory and all won by England, Joan of Arc lead the French to victory |
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Joan of Arc |
Heroin of France, peasant girl who heard God's voice which helped her in leading France to victory over England |
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Marsilius of Padua |
Italian Scholar trained in medicine, political figure |
