Christianity

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Ressurrection

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Belief that those who died would have their souls separated from their bodies and would go through individual judgement; later, the world would end and Jesus would reunite the bodies with their souls

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Liturgical

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Public service conducted according to a liturgy (a way)

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Augustinian

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St. Augustine's views - separation of church and state (state answers to church in religious matters and vice versa), both promote spread of the Gospel though

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Sacraments

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Ritual actions (Baptism, Communion), meant to bring God closer to you and you closer to God

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Communion

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Sacrament meant to "partake of the body and blood of Jesus;" eat bread and drink wine that was blessed by a priest or minister

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Fundamentalism

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Modernity corrupts fundamental truths and practices as they used to be; started by evangelical Protestants

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Catholic

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Churches that use apostolic succession to define themselves

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Congregational

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Gathering of people for religious worship

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Liberation Theology

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True followers of Jesus must work toward a just society, bring about social and political change, and align themselves with the working class. Jesus focused on the poor and the church will give preference to those who have been deprived of their rights.

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Constantinian

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Belief that the state is only there to protect the church as the official religion; attributed to first Christian Roman Emperor, Constantine.

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Ecclesiastical

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Of or relating to the Christian Church or clergy

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Protestant

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Churches that reject mediation of church through apostolic succession; started at time of Martin Luther

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Monasticism

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Monkhood is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work

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Ecumenical

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Movement to unite independent churches by identifying a common doctrine that they could all agree on

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Episcopal

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Relating to a bishop.

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Eastern Orthodox

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Based on Constantine's beliefs; traces through apostolic succession

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Apostolic Succession

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All priests should be able to be traced to an apostle

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Transubstantiation

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A belief that the bread and wine during the Eucharist isn't just symbolic, but it's actually body and blood of Christ

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Icon

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An image depicting Jesus Christ, Mary, saints or angels

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Divinization

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To become like God.

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Original Sin

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The sin of Adam and Eve who ate the fruit from the tree even though God said not to; affected all people by corrupting will, can't do good they intend sometimes

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Trinity

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God as Father, Son, Holy Spirit; He can be immanent in the world without losing his transcendence

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Pentecostal

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Churches that emphasize possession by the Holy Spirit and speaking in tongues.

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Grace

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Expresses idea of unmerited divine love and assistance given to humans

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Presbyterian

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Priesthood doesn't follow apostolic succession; believes that you don't have to do good to be good

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Holy Spirit

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Third person of Trinity

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Evangelical

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Emphasizes unifying power of conversion as an emotional transformation; started with the pies tic Christian movement that arose in response to the Enlightenment

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Faith

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Belief in something

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Justification

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Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation doctrine - said that humans are saved by faith as a gift instead of through being good

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Heresy

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Negative term meaning that you choose to believe doctrines that are erroneous in the view of those who are "more orthodox"

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Deism

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Enlightenment view that said God created the world the way a watchmaker creates a watch and lets it run on its own without interference

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Baptism

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Become a member of the church; sacrament

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Mormonism

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Basically the same as other faiths, but believe that their church leaders are living prophets

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Gospel

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Good News; usually refers to four gospels of New Testament

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Pietism

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Emphasis on devotion, experience, and practices. Professing your love for God.

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Christ

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Means messiah or anointed one; Jesus of Nazareth

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Martin Luther

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Began Protestant Reformation; translated Bible into something people could relate to

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St. Peter

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One of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ; chief apostle; first pope

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St. Paul

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Taught the Gospel of Christ to the first-century world

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St. Thomas Aquinas

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Spokesman of Catholic tradition of reason and divine revelation

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John Calvin

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French theologian and pastor during Reformation; brought about Calvinism

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John Wesley

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Started Methodism with his brother; theologian;

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Joseph Smith

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Founded Mormonism; published Book of Mormon

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St. Augustine

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Writings influenced Western Christianity and philosophy