Christianity

Front 1

Pax Romana

Back 1

the long period of peace experienced by the Roman Empire.

Front 2

Yeshua Bar Yosef Ha Nozri

Back 2

The original Aramaic name for Jesus.

Front 3

Gospels

Back 3

an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth.

Front 4

Epistles

Back 4

Letters explaining doctrines.

Front 5

Gnosticism

Back 5

is the thought and practice that matter is evil and that emancipation comes through gnosis (knowledge). They don’t believe Jesus suffered. Secret knowledge.

Front 6

Demiurge

Back 6

A deity in Gnosticism, who creates the material world and is often viewed as the originator of evil.

Front 7

Marcion

Back 7

Taught that Christian scriptures should not include Jewish scriptures. Taught that God of Moses was “Demiurge”

Front 8

Christology

Back 8

the part of theology that is concerned with the nature and work of Jesus,

Front 9

Monophysites

Back 9

Ones who believe the doctrine that Christ has a single inseparable nature that is at once divine and human.

Front 10

Nestorians

Back 10

Group of believers that think "Jesus Christ, is not identical with the Son but personally united with the Son, who lives in him. (two wills)

Front 11

Arians

Back 11

They believe Jesus was a man; not eternal. Perhaps a perfect prophet. Someone to be emulated.

Front 12

Nicaea

Back 12

It is a council where the Trinitarian idea of God emerges as orthodox belief.

Front 13

Chalcedon

Back 13

Council where it is decided that Christ has two natures, Divine & human without confusion, but has only one will.

Front 14

Constantine I

Back 14

Declared Christianity the official religion of Rome.

Front 15

Milvian Bridge

Back 15

At the Battle of Milvian Bridge, Constantine saw a cross in the heavens and the words (In this sign, conquer.) He believed God helped him to win the war so he made Christianity official.

Front 16

Homoousious

Back 16

Jesus is [of one substance] with the Father as opposed to ―homoiousios‖ [of similar essence]

Front 17

Canon

Back 17

is a list of books considered to be authoritative scripture by a particular religious community.

Front 18

Ecumenical Sees

Back 18

Five collegial Patriarhcates. If you wanted to settle a dispute you had to call all 5 of the bishops to council. Antioch, Rome, Alexandria, Constantinople, Jerusalem.

Front 19

Non-Chalcedonian Churches

Back 19

Do not accept that Jesus has two natures. (ex:Oriental Orthodox)

Front 20

Cyril and Methodius

Back 20

were brothers who brought Orthodoxy to the Slavic peoples of central Europe.

Front 21

Filioque

Back 21

It is a phrase that means "and (from) the Son", stating that the Holy Spirit proceeds “from the father.” Differences over this doctrine have been the primary causes of schism between the Western and Eastern Orthodox churches.

Front 22

The Great Schism

Back 22

the division of Christianity into Eastern and Western branches, which later became known as the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church.

Front 23

Iconoclasm

Back 23

the deliberate destruction of religious icons and other symbols or monuments, usually with religious or political motives

Front 24

Iconography

Back 24

The production of religious images, called icons.

Front 25

Apophatic

Back 25

the belief that God can be known to humans only in terms of what He is not (such as `God is unknowable')

Front 26

Kataphatic

Back 26

the expressing of God through positive terminology. (God is love)

Front 27

Theosis

Back 27

refers to the attainment of likeness of God, union with God and/or reconciliation with God.

Front 28

Hesychasm

Back 28

a mystical tradition of experiential prayer in the Orthodox Church. (believe in theosis- the attainment of likeness of God,)

Front 29

Eucharist

Back 29

Holy Communion, the Sacrament of the Altar, the Blessed Sacrament, the Lord's Supper.

Front 30

Communion

Back 30

The breaking of bread and the drinking of wine. (Symbolic of the blood and body of Christ)

Front 31

Transubstantiation

Back 31

The “substance” of bread and wine become the body and blood of Jesus
Mass must be consecrated by a Priest

Front 32

Liturgy

Back 32

the customary public worship done by a religious group

Front 33

St Augustine

Back 33

important figure in the history of Christianity. He is known for writing about original sin.

Front 34

Monasticism

Back 34

a religious way of life that involves renouncing worldly pursuits to fully devote one's self to spiritual work.

Front 35

Monastic Orders

Back 35

a category of Catholic religious institutes.

Front 36

Benedictines & Cistercians
Trappists

Back 36

* a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monks and nuns.

*Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance.

Front 37

Franciscans, Carmelite, Dominicans, Jesuits, Society of Jesus

Back 37

Christian male religious orders of the Roman Catholic Church.

Front 38

Martin luther

Back 38

a German monk and priest. He strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased with money. He confronted the concept of indulgences with his Ninety-Five Theses.

Front 39

Jean Calvin

Back 39

Responsible for Calvanism which emphasizes the doctrine of predestination.

Front 40

John Wesley

Back 40

founded the Methodist movement.

Front 41

Pietism

Back 41

is a Lutheran movement aiming at the revival of devotion and practical Christianity.

Front 42

Anabaptists

Back 42

the practice of "re-baptizing" converts who "already had been baptized" (or sprinkled) as infants. Rejected baptism of infants.

Front 43

Anglicans

Back 43

churches with historical connections to the Church of England.

Front 44

High/Low Church

Back 44

In high churches priest and preachers more authority, in lower they have less.

Front 45

Puritans

Back 45

were a group of people who grew discontent in the Church of England and worked towards religious, moral and societal reforms.

Front 46

Sacraments

Back 46

objects that are sacred, significant and important for Christians.

Front 47

Docetists

Back 47

do not believe Christ suffered.