Chpt 15 Short Cut

Front 1

Internal nares

Back 1

Posterior openings

Front 2

Nasal Septum

Back 2

Divides the nasal cavity

Front 3

Conchae

Back 3

Body ridges

Front 4

Paranasal sinuses

Back 4

Air-filled spaces

Front 5

Nasolacrimal Duct

Back 5

Brings tears

Front 6

Epithelium

Back 6

Produces mucus

Front 7

Nasopharynx

Back 7

Superior part of the pharynx

Front 8

Soft palate and Uvula

Back 8

Two structures prevent swallowed materials

Front 9

Nasopharynx

Back 9

Auditory tubes open

Front 10

Oropharynx

Back 10

Extends from uvula to the epiglottis

Front 11

Laryngopharynx

Back 11

Connects to the esophagus

Front 12

Thyroid Cartilage

Back 12

Largest, unpaired cartilage

Front 13

Epiglottis

Back 13

Unparied cartilage

Front 14

Arytenoid
Corniculate
Cuneiform

Back 14

Three paired cartilages

Front 15

Vestibular folds

Back 15

Ligaments prevent materials from entering the larynx

Front 16

Vocal Folds

Back 16

Vibrate to produce sound

Front 17

Trachea

Back 17

Divides to form two tubes

Front 18

Trachea

Back 18

During swallowing

Front 19

Primary Bronchi

Back 19

Tubes that supply each lung

Front 20

Lobes

Back 20

separated by deep fissures

Front 21

Bronchopulmonary segaments

Back 21

Separated by connective tissue

Front 22

Secondary Bronchi

Back 22

Tubes that supply: lobes of the lungs

Front 23

Tertiary bronchi

Back 23

Tubes that supply: Bronchopulmonary segments

Front 24

Terminal Bronchioles

Back 24

Tubes that supply: respiratory bronchioles

Front 25

Alveolar ducts

Back 25

Tubes FORMED by

Front 26

Alveoli

Back 26

most gas exchange takes place

Front 27

Thoracic Cavity

Back 27

CAVITY contains lungs

Front 28

Pleural Cavity

Back 28

CAVITY formed by membranes

Front 29

Visceral Pleura

Back 29

Part of the pleural membrane

Front 30

Pleural Fluid

Back 30

Pleural cavity..

Front 31

Superficial lymphatic Vessel

Back 31

Deep to Visceral pleura

Front 32

Deep lymphatic Vessles

Back 32

Follows the bronchi

Front 33

Muscles of inspriation

Back 33

Diaphragm and muscles

Front 34

Muscles of expiration

Back 34

Ribs and sternum

Front 35

Diaphram

Back 35

Responsible for change in thoracic volume during breathing

Front 36

Muscles of inspriation

Back 36

Quite breathing

Front 37

Elastic fibers and
Surface tension of alveolar fluid

Back 37

Two factors cause the lungs to RECOIL

Front 38

Surfactant

Back 38

Mixture of lipoproteins

Front 39

Surfactant and
Pleural pressure

Back 39

Two factors that keeps the lungs from COLLAPSING

Front 40

Pulmonary Volumes

Back 40

Examples are Tidal volume

Front 41

Tidal Volume

Back 41

Volume of air inspired or expired

Front 42

Residual volume

Back 42

Volume of air in lungs

Front 43

Pulmonary capacity

Back 43

Sum of two or more PULMONARY

Front 44

Vital Capacity

Back 44

Sum of the inspiratory reserve volume

Front 45

Forced Expiratory vital capacity

Back 45

Maximally

Front 46

Dead Space

Back 46

No gas exchange

Front 47

Paritial Pressure

Back 47

Pressure exerted by a gas

Front 48

Higher

Back 48

Partial pressure of OXYGEN

Front 49

Lower

Back 49

Partial pressure of CARBON DIOXIDE

Front 50

Decreases

Back 50

Volume of a container increases, pressure within the container ________

Front 51

Volume

Back 51

changes in THORACIC ________

Front 52

Pressure

Back 52

Result in air flow

Front 53

Alveolar Pressure

Back 53

Air pressure within the alveoli

Front 54

Atmospheric Pressure

Back 54

Pressure outside the body

Front 55

Equal to

Back 55

At the end experation

Front 56

Less than

Back 56

During inspiration, to become_________ atmospheric pressure

Front 57

Into

Back 57

Air moves______ the lungs

Front 58

Equal to

Back 58

At the end of inspiration, alveolar pressure is __________ atmospheric pressure

Front 59

Greater than

Back 59

During expiration, become __________ atmospheric pressure

Front 60

Out of

Back 60

Because of this pressure, air moves ______ the lungs

Front 61

Expand

Back 61

less than alveolar pressure

Front 62

Lung recoil

Back 62

"Suction effect"

Front 63

Pleural Fluid

Back 63

held together by

Front 64

Expand

Back 64

overcome

Front 65

Decrease

Back 65

pulmonary edema

Front 66

Decrease

Back 66

emphysema

Front 67

Oxyhemoglobin

Back 67

oxygen combines with hemoglobin

Front 68

Oxyhemoglobin

Back 68

98.5% of oxygen

Front 69

Plasma

Back 69

remaining 1.5%

Front 70

Low

Back 70

oxygen in tissues is

Front 71

High

Back 71

partial pressure

Front 72

Low

Back 72

pH

Front 73

High

Back 73

temperature in tissues

Front 74

Plasma

Back 74

7% carbon dioxide

Front 75

Blood Proteins

Back 75

23%

Front 76

Bicarbonate

Back 76

70%

Front 77

Hydrogen ions

Back 77

dissociates to form

Front 78

Medullary respiratory

Back 78

two dorsal respiratory groups

Front 79

Dorsal Respiratory Groups

Back 79

Stimulating contraction

Front 80

Ventral Respiratory Groups

Back 80

Controls the external intercostal, internal ...

Front 81

Pontine Respiratory Group

Back 81

Appears to play a role

Front 82

Threshold

Back 82

monitor

Front 83

More

Back 83

Once inspiration begins

Front 84

Pontine

Back 84

the respiratory group

Front 85

Stretch receptors

Back 85

in the lungs

Front 86

Cerebral Cortex

Back 86

Part of the brain

Front 87

Hering-Breuer Reflex

Back 87

Limits the degree

Front 88

Carbon dioxide

Back 88

Major regulator of respiration

Front 89

Decrease

Back 89

increase in blood carbon

Front 90

Medullary Chemoreceptors

Back 90

detecting changes in BLOOD pH

Front 91

Carotid and Aortic Body Chemoreceptors

Back 91

Dectecting changes in BLOOD OXYGEN

Front 92

No significant Change

Back 92

average arterial oxygen

Front 93

Anaerobic threshold

Back 93

highest level of exercise

Front 94

No change

Back 94

rest and during submaximal excercise