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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
gametes
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reproductive cells
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somatic
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all other non-reproductive cells in the body
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mitosis
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a division of genetic material that produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to their parent cell
-IPPMAT |
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cytokinesis
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usually accompanies mitosis, and divides cytoplasm into two daughter cells
-animals - cleavage furrow -plants - cell plate |
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Three key events of mitosis and cytokinesis
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1)Growth
2)Wound repair 3)Reproduciton (asexual) |
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chromosome
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made up of a single long DNA strang wrapped around protein in a highly complex manner
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cell cycle
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-orderly sequence of events that occcurs from teh formation of a eukaryotic cell, through the duplication of its chromosomes, to the time it undergoes division itself.
-two key events: 1)replication of genetic material (S) 2)partitioning of copied chromosomes into daughet cells (M) -also G2 to perform all other necessary functions (organelle replication, cytoplasm production and G1 other regular cell functions |
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chromatid
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-each of the DNA copies in a replicated chromosome
-from the same chromosome = sister chromatids |
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centromere
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specialized region where chromatids are joined
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chromatin
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complex of DNA and protein (histones) that compose eukaryotic chromosomes
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centrosome
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made up of two centrioles- center for microtubule-organizing center for mitotic spindle
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Interphase
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-DNA replicated (S)
-Organelles, cytoplasm replicated -centrosomes replicated |
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Prophase
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-Chromosomes condense
-mitotic spindle begins to form |
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Prometaphase
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-Nuclear envelope breaks down
-spindle fibers connect with kinetochore |
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Metaphase
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-chromosomes complete migration to the middle of the cell (metaphase plate)
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Anaphase
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-sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
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Telophase
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-nuclear envelope reforms
-spindle apparatus disintegrates |
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2n=46
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46 chromosomes
23 different kinds (22 autosomes + 1 sex chromosome) |