Chpt 11 Pt 2

Front 1

is swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrane into the eye through the optic disk

Back 1

papilledema aka choked disk

Front 2

means nipple like

Back 2

pappill

Front 3

the retina is pulled away from its normal position of being attached to the choroid in the back of the eye

Back 3

detached retina aka retinal detachment

Front 4

occurs when a hole develops in the retina as it is pulled away from its normal position

Back 4

retinal tear

Front 5

is an inflammation anywhere in the uveal tract

Back 5

uveitis

Front 6

means uveal tract

Back 6

uve

Front 7

is a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), resulting in damage to the retinal nerve fibers and the optic nerve

Back 7

glaucoma

Front 8

is the most common form of this condition

Back 8

open angle glaucoma aka chronic glaucoma

Front 9

the opening between the cornea and iris narrows so that fluid cannot reach the trabecular meshwork

Back 9

closed angle glaucoma aka acute glaucoma

Front 10

is a gradually progressive condition in which the macula at the center of the retina is damaged, resulting in the loss of central vision but not in total blindness

Back 10

macular degeneration aka age-related macular degeneration

Front 11

means spot

Back 11

macul

Front 12

is the perception of two images of a single object

Back 12

diplopia aka double vision

Front 13

means double

Back 13

dipl

Front 14

means vision condition

Back 14

-opia

Front 15

is blindness in one half of the visual field

Back 15

hemianopia

Front 16

means half

Back 16

hemi-

Front 17

is the inability to distinguish certain colors

Back 17

monochromatism aka color blindness

Front 18

means color

Back 18

chromat

Front 19

is a condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night

Back 19

nyctalopia aka night blindness

Front 20

means night

Back 20

nyctal

Front 21

means vision condition

Back 21

-opia

Front 22

describes the common changes in the eyes that occur with aging

Back 22

presbyopia

Front 23

means old age

Back 23

presby

Front 24

a disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together

Back 24

strabismus aka squint

Front 25

is strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one eye or both eyes

Back 25

esotropia aka cross-eyes

Front 26

is strabismus characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other

Back 26

exotropia aka walleye

Front 27

means turn

Back 27

trop

Front 28

means inward

Back 28

eso

Front 29

is a focusing problem that occurs when the lens and cornea do not bend light so that it focuses properly on the retina

Back 29

refractive disorder

Front 30

is any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina

Back 30

ametropia

Front 31

means out of proportion

Back 31

ametr

Front 32

means vision condition

Back 32

-opia

Front 33

is a condition in which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea

Back 33

astigmatism

Front 34

is a defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina

Back 34

hyperopia aka farsightedness

Front 35

is a defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina

Back 35

myopia aka nearsightedness

Front 36

is the inability to see

Back 36

blindness

Front 37

is the point at which, under law, an individual is considered to be blind

Back 37

legal blindness

Front 38

is a dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye

Back 38

amblyopia

Front 39

means dim or dull

Back 39

ambly

Front 40

is an abnormal area of absent or depressed vision surrounded by an area of normal vision

Back 40

scotoma aka blind spot

Front 41

is an evaluation of the eyes ability to distinguish object details and shape

Back 41

visual acuity measurement

Front 42

is an examination procedure to determine an eyes refractive error and the best corrective lenses to be prescribed

Back 42

refraction

Front 43

is the unit of measurement of a lens's refractive power

Back 43

diopter

Front 44

is the measurement of intraocular pressure

Back 44

tonometry

Front 45

means tension

Back 45

ton/o

Front 46

means measure

Back 46

-metry

Front 47

is the visual examination of the fundus of the eye with an ophthalmscope

Back 47

ophthalmoscopy aka funduscopy

Front 48

are medication placed into the eyes in the form of eye drops that produce temporary paralysis

Back 48

mydriatic drops

Front 49

is a diagnostic procedure in which a narrow beam of light is focused onto parts of the eye to permit ophthalmologist to examine the structures at the front of the eye, including the cornea, iris, and lens

Back 49

slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy

Front 50

is the application of fluorescent dye to the surface of the eye

Back 50

fluorescein staining

Front 51

is a radiographic study of the blood vessels in the retina of the eye following the intravenous injection of a fluorescein dye as a contrast medium

Back 51

fluorescein angiography

Front 52

is performed to determine losses in peripheal vision

Back 52

visual field testing aka perimetry

Front 53

means occuring away from the center

Back 53

peripheral

Front 54

is a surgical incision into the orbit for biopsy, abscess drainage, or the removal of a tumor or foreign object

Back 54

orbitotomy

Front 55

means bony socket

Back 55

orbit

Front 56

is the partial, or complete, suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids

Back 56

tarsorrhaphy

Front 57

means eyelid

Back 57

tars/o

Front 58

is the surgical repair of the conjunctiva

Back 58

conjunctivoplasty

Front 59

means conjunctiva

Back 59

conjunctiv

Front 60

is the surgical replacement of a scarred or diseased cornea with clear corneal tissue from a donor

Back 60

corneal transplant aka keratoplasty

Front 61

may be fitted to wear over a malformed eye or to replace an eyeball this is either congenitally missing or has been surgically removed

Back 61

ocular prosthesis

Front 62

is a replacement part

Back 62

prosthesis

Front 63

is the surgical removal of a portion of the tisue of the iris

Back 63

iridectomy

Front 64

means iris

Back 64

irid

Front 65

is a surgical procedure to correct myopia

Back 65

radial keratotomy

Front 66

is the removal of the vitreous fluid and its replacement with a clear solution

Back 66

vitrectomy

Front 67

means vitreous fluid

Back 67

vitr

Front 68

is the general term used to describe the surgical removal of a cataract-clouded lens

Back 68

lensectomy

Front 69

is the use of ultrasonic vibration to shatter and break up a cataract making removal easier

Back 69

phacoemulsification

Front 70

is an eye in which the natural lens has been replaced with an intraocular lens

Back 70

pseudophakia

Front 71

means false

Back 71

pseud/o

Front 72

means lens

Back 72

phak

Front 73

is an artificial lens that is surgically implanted to replace the natural lens

Back 73

intraocular lens

Front 74

means within

Back 74

intra

Front 75

are refractive lenses that float directly on the tear film in front of the eye

Back 75

contact lenses

Front 76

is used to treat acute, or closed-angle, gaucoma by creating an opening in the iris to allow drainage

Back 76

laser iridotomy

Front 77

is used to treat chronic, or open-angle, glaucoma by creating an opening in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly

Back 77

laser trabeculoplasty

Front 78

is used to treat vision conditions, such as myopia, that are caused by the shape of the cornea

Back 78

LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis

Front 79

is used to correct refractive errors by shaving away some of the top layer cornea

Back 79

photo-refractive keratectomy

Front 80

is used to reattach the detached area in retinal detachment

Back 80

retinopexy

Front 81

is the use of lasers to treat some forms of macular degeneration by sealing leaking or damaged blood vessels

Back 81

photocoagulation

Front 82

means pertaining to the sense of hearing

Back 82

auditory

Front 83

means hearing

Back 83

audit

Front 84

means relating to sound or hearing

Back 84

acoustic

Front 85

is the external portion of the ear

Back 85

pinna aka auricle

Front 86

transmits sound waves from the pinna to the middle ear

Back 86

external auditory canal

Front 87

is secreted by ceruminous glands that line the auditory canal

Back 87

cerumen aka earwax

Front 88

is located between the outer and middle ear

Back 88

tympanic membrane aka eardrum

Front 89

mean tympanic membrane

Back 89

myring/o and tympan/o

Front 90

are hollow air spaces located in the mastoid process of the temporal bone

Back 90

mastoid bone cells

Front 91

are 3 small bones found in the middle ear

Back 91

auditory ossicles

Front 92

known as the hammer

Back 92

malleus

Front 93

known as the anvil

Back 93

incus

Front 94

known as the stirrup

Back 94

stapes

Front 95

are narrow tubes that lead from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and the throat

Back 95

eustachian tubes aka auditory tubes

Front 96

contains the sensory receptors for hearing and balance

Back 96

inner ear aka labyrinth

Front 97

located under the base of the stapes, is the membrane that seperates the middle ear from the inner ear

Back 97

oval window

Front 98

is the spiral passage that leads from the oval window

Back 98

cochlea

Front 99

located within the cochlea, is filled with fluid that vibrates when the sound waves strike

Back 99

cochlear duct

Front 100

also located within the cochlea, is the receptor site that receives these vibrations and relays them to the auditory nerve fibers

Back 100

organ of corti

Front 101

The three ______ also located within the inner ear

Back 101

semicircular canals

Front 102

a liquid and sensitive hairlike cells

Back 102

endolymph

Front 103

is the state of balance

Back 103

equilibrium

Front 104

transmits info to the brain, and the brain sends messages to muscles in all parts of the body to ensure that equilibrium is maintained

Back 104

acoustic nerves

Front 105

is the process by which sound waves enter the ear through the pinna

Back 105

air conduction

Front 106

occurs as the eardrum vibrates and moves the auditory ossicles

Back 106

bone conduction

Front 107

occurs when sound vibrations reach the inner ear via the oval window

Back 107

sensorineural conduction

Front 108

specializes in the measurement of hearing function and in the rehabilitation of persons with hearing impairments

Back 108

audiologist

Front 109

means hearing

Back 109

audi

Front 110

is an accumulation of cerumen, or earwax, that forms a solid mass adhering to the walls of the external auditory canal

Back 110

impacted cerumen

Front 111

is pain in the ear

Back 111

otalgia aka earache

Front 112

means any inflammation of the ear

Back 112

otitis

Front 113

is a fungal infection of the external auditory canal

Back 113

otomycosis aka swimmers ear

Front 114

means fungus

Back 114

myc

Front 115

is the flow of pus from the ear

Back 115

otopyorrhea

Front 116

is bleeding from the ear

Back 116

otorrhagia

Front 117

means flow or discharge

Back 117

rrhea

Front 118

is pressure related ear discomfort often causedby changes in pressure when flying or driving in the mountains

Back 118

barotrauma

Front 119

means pressure

Back 119

bar/o

Front 120

means injury

Back 120

trauma

Front 121

is inflamation of any part of the mastoid process

Back 121

mastoiditis

Front 122

means mastoid

Back 122

mastoid

Front 123

is an inflammation of the tympanic membrane

Back 123

myringitis

Front 124

means eardrum

Back 124

myring

Front 125

is the ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear resulting in a conductive hearing loss

Back 125

otosclerosis

Front 126

means abnormal hearing

Back 126

sclerosis

Front 127

means fused together

Back 127

ankylosis

Front 128

is distention of the eustachian tube

Back 128

patulous eustachian tube

Front 129

means extended, spread wide open

Back 129

patulous

Front 130

is an inflamation of the middle ear

Back 130

otitis media

Front 131

is usually associated with upper respiratory infection and is most commonly sen in young children

Back 131

acute otitis media

Front 132

is a fluid buildup in the middle ear that may follow acute otitis media or may be caused by obstruction of the eustachian tube

Back 132

serous otitis media

Front 133

is a buildup of pus within the middle ear

Back 133

acute purulent otitis media

Front 134

is an inflammation of the labyrinth that can result in vertigo and deafness

Back 134

labyrinthitis

Front 135

is a sense of whirling, dizziness, and loss of balance, often combined with nausea and vomiting

Back 135

vertigo

Front 136

is a rare chronic disease in which theamount of fluid in the inner ear increases intermittently, producing attacks of vertigo, a fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus

Back 136

meniere syndrome

Front 137

is a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears

Back 137

tinnitus

Front 138

is the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear

Back 138

deafness

Front 139

is a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages

Back 139

presbycusis

Front 140

means old age

Back 140

presby

Front 141

means hearing

Back 141

cusis

Front 142

occurs when sound waves are prevented from passing from the air to the fluid filled inner ear

Back 142

conductive hearing loss

Front 143

develops when the auditory nerve or hair cells in the inner ear are damaged

Back 143

sensorineural hearing loss aka nerve deafness

Front 144

is a type of nerve deafness due to damage caused by repeated exposure to very intense noise such as aircraft engines, noisy equipment or loud music

Back 144

noise-induced hearing loss

Front 145

is the use of an audiometer to measure hearing acuity

Back 145

audiometry

Front 146

means to measure

Back 146

metry or meter

Front 147

is an electronic device that produces acoustic stimuli of a set frequency and intensity

Back 147

audiometer

Front 148

is a measure of sound frequency that determines how high or low a pitch is

Back 148

hertz

Front 149

sound volume is measure in

Back 149

decibels

Front 150

measures the threshold of speech reception and speech discrimination

Back 150

speech audiometry

Front 151

is the measurement of acoustical energy absorbed or reflected by the middle ear through the use of a probe placed in the ear canal

Back 151

tympanometry

Front 152

means eardrum

Back 152

tympan/o

Front 153

involves one ear

Back 153

monaural testing

Front 154

means one

Back 154

mon-

Front 155

involves both ears

Back 155

binaural testing

Front 156

means hearing

Back 156

aur

Front 157

is the surgical repair of the pinna

Back 157

otoplasty

Front 158

is the surgical removal of mastoid cells

Back 158

mastoidectomy

Front 159

means mastoid process

Back 159

mastoid

Front 160

is the surgical incision of the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of tympanostomy tubes

Back 160

myringotomy

Front 161

are tiny ventilating tubes placed through the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluids and to relieve pressure that can build up after childhood ear infections

Back 161

tympanostomy tubes aka pediatric ear tubes

Front 162

is the surgical correction of a damaged middle ear, either to cure chronic inflammation or to restore function

Back 162

tympanoplasty

Front 163

is the surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and the insertion of a small prosthetic device called a piston that conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear

Back 163

stapedectomy

Front 164

is a surgical procedure in which a new opening is created in the labyrinth to restore hearing

Back 164

fenestration

Front 165

means window

Back 165

fenestra

Front 166

is an external electronic device that amplifies sound

Back 166

hearing aid

Front 167

is the surgical removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth

Back 167

labyrinthectomy

Front 168

is a surgical incision between two of the fluid chambers of the labyrinth to allow the pressure to equalize

Back 168

labyrinthotomy

Front 169

is an electronic device implanted behind the ear that receives sound signals and transmits these signals to electrodes implanted in the cochlea

Back 169

cochlear implant