Chp. 4: Experience Of Empire

Front 1

Molasses Act*

Back 1

Also called the Sugar Act of 1773, it placed a heavy duty on molasses omported form foreign ports

Front 2

Charles Chauncy*

Back 2

minister of the prestigious Church of Boston. He suggested that the new preachers that were coming about during the Great Awakening relied too much on emotion

Front 3

Cato's Letters*

Back 3

written by two of the most famous commonwealthmen, Thonas Gordon and John Trenchard, these articles warned Englishmen of the corrupt British government and that the balance of their constitution could not sace them from tyranny.

Front 4

James Davenport*

Back 4

a deranged revivalist during the Great Awakening who would play upon popular emotion and urged people to burn books written by authors who had not experienced the New Light. He would dance and strip at night to the light of smoky torches..... weirdo...

Front 5

"Old Lights"*

Back 5

those who wanted to continue the old ways of religion and find a balance between intellectualism and religion during the Great Awakening

Front 6

"New Lights"*

Back 6

those who accepted the new religious teachings during the Great Awakening

Front 7

Evangelicals*

Back 7

people who were devoted to preaching their religion.

Front 8

mestizo*

Back 8

a person of mixed race. In this chapter, it refers to the Spanish that would marry Indians while they were exploring the western frontier.

Front 9

Henry Muhlenberg*

Back 9

a leader who helped German lutherans through a difficult cultural adjustment. He organized a meeting of local pastors in which they decided to lay delegates that ordained ministers on their own.

Front 10

Increase Mather

Back 10

the father of Cotton Mather who pleaded to King William to end the Dominion of New England

Front 11

Mullato*

Back 11

When an African American and a white person have a child

Front 12

Transportation Act*

Back 12

It was passed in 1718, and it allowed judges in England, Scotland, and Ireland to send convicted felons to American colonies. Between 1718-1755 50,000 convicts came over.

Front 13

King William’s War*

Back 13

Began in 1689 when England’s King William III declared war on Louis XIV. Canadians raided northern frontiers of New York and New England. There were no territorial gains, but it caused suffering among civilian populations of Massachusetts and New York. It ended with the Treaty of Ryswick.

Front 14

Queen Anne’s War*

Back 14

Also known as war of Spanish Succession. Lots of bloody combat along American frontier. Ended when Great Britain and France signed the Treaty of Utrecht.

Front 15

King George’s War*

Back 15

An army of New England troops captured Louisbourg, scoring a magnificent victory over the French. Ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, but British gave Louisbourg back to French in exchange for concessions elsewhere.

Front 16

English Constitution

Back 16

Americans wanted to replicate British political institutions, so it was created. It had 3 distinct parts; a monarch, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. Each was meant to check the other. Americans eventually became aware of the major differences and learned something about becoming American.

Front 17

Navigation Acts*

Back 17

Navigation Acts continued through the 17th century, making it extremely difficult for farmers to make money, and making colonists pay higher prices for necessary goods.

Front 18

Benjamin Franklin*

Back 18

A thinker, philosopher, inventor, politician, and writer. He devoted himself to the pursuit of useful knowledge. He was a very important figure in the 17th century.

Front 19

What powers did Royal Governors have and not have?-

Back 19

The governor corresponded to the king and the governor’s House of Lords. They could veto legislation and dismiss judges. They served as military commanders in each province. The royal governors had to be advised by a council.

Front 20

Parliament*

Back 20

Claimed to be a model for the American society, but they were known for corruption and bribery.

Front 21

William Pitt*

Back 21

Was the most powerful minister in king Georges cabinet. He thought he was the only one who knew how to save the British empire. He thought that england and france should fight in the Americas. He led them to capture Louisbough which cut off all canadas supply with the french.

Front 22

General Braddock*

Back 22

Led an army to fight in the French and Indian war. They were going across a river when the Indians attacked them

Front 23

Seven Years War*

Back 23

War between the British and the French. No one had the leadership of money to get the French out of the Mississippi. George II gave money and William Pitt was the man who led the army to defeat the French.

Front 24

John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon*

Back 24

Most famous of the commonMost famous of the commonwealthmen.



wealthmen.

Front 25

Middle Ground*

Back 25

When the indians wanted to isolate themselves from the Europeans. They still continued to trade but they wanted to have an independent voice in the exchange. Exchanges occurred in the 'middle ground'

Front 26

Gilbert Tennent*

Back 26

Itinerant preacher, Scots-Irish. He was like whitefield

Front 27

Entrepots

Back 27

A trading post to for imports and exports without paying import duties

Front 28

John Locke*

Back 28

He was an Enlightenment thinker. Him and other men put together the enlightenment. During the enlightenment people encourages experimental science and like Christianity.

These philosophers all shared the same ideas. People liked the improvement.

Front 29

Pennsylvania Dutch*

Back 29

German migrants were mistakenly called this because the English confused duetsch with dutch.

Front 30

Backcountry

Back 30

a region stretching approximately eight hundred miles from western Pennsylvania to Georgia.

Front 31

Great Awakening*

Back 31

a sudden spontaneous series of Protestant revivals, caused men and women of all backgrounds to rethink basic assumptions about church and state, institutions and society.

Front 32

Fort Duquesne*

Back 32

French fort located at the strategic fork in the Ohio River and later renamed Pittsburg

Front 33

King Georges War (1743-1748)*

Back 33

known in Europe as the War of the Austrian Succesion. The colonists scored a victory over the French

Front 34

Albany Plan*

Back 34

created by Benjamin Franklin. envisioned the formation of a grand council made up of elected delegates from various colonies to oversee the matters of common defense, western expansion, and Indian affairs. Also included a general appointed by the king.

Front 35

Albany Congress*

Back 35

The meeting between British officials and representatives from Virginia, Maryland, and the northern colonies. Envisioned Albany Plan.

Front 36

Seven Years War French and Indian War.*

Back 36

The British fought to rid the French of the New World in order to gain western expansion.

Front 37

Peace of Paris*

Back 37

Signed on Feb. 10, 1763. Gave Britain an empire of land after defeating the French.

Front 38

George Whitfield*

Back 38

A young inspiring preacher from England. Spread religious ideas throughout colonies and greatly contributed to the Great Awakening. Follwed Jon Ed.

Front 39

Jonathan Edwards*

Back 39

Sparked the Great Awakening. Encouraged people to return to the church and spread ideas of predestination.