Chp 3 Tissues

Front 1

Study of cells

Back 1

Histology

Front 2

How many primary tissue types are there?

Back 2

4

Front 3

What are the primary tissues and their general function?

Back 3

Epithelial tissue: covers surface, lines organs and body cavities, forms glands
Connective tissue: supports, protects, binds
Muscle tissue: contracts
Nervous tissue: generates, transmits and receives impulses

Front 4

6 characteristics of epithelial tissue

Back 4

Cellularity: little extracellular matrix
Polarity: apical and basal surface
Attachment: basement layer
Avascularity: underlying connective tissue vascular
arrangement: into layers or sheets
high regeneration capacity: stem cells
intervation- able to feel sensation

Front 5

4 functions of epithelial tissue

Back 5

protection
control permeability: allows or don't allow absorption
sensation: intervation
secretion

Front 6

One side of a membranous epithelial is exposed, To what is it exposed to?

Back 6

Free surface or lumen

Front 7

What is the other side of epithelial tissue attached to?

Back 7

Basement membrane

Front 8

List the 3 classifications based on cell layers

Back 8

Simple= one layer
stratified= more than one layer
pseudostratified= overlapping, different levels, each in contact with basement layer

Front 9

List 4 classifications of epithelial tissue based on shape

Back 9

squamous= flat
cuboidal= cube & round nuclei
columnar= rectangular

Front 10

What type of epithelial consists of a single layer of flattened cells?

Back 10

simple squamous epithelial

Front 11

where is simple squamous epithelial found?
And its function?

Back 11

Alveoli, endothelium, mesothelium, inner lining of the cornea
and control permeability, reduce friction, secretion

Front 12

what type of epithelial consists of multiple layers of flattened cells?

Back 12

stratified squamous epithelial

Front 13

what 2 forms of does stratified squamous epithelial take?
and where is it found?

Back 13

keratinized stratified squamous epithelial
- epidermis: dorsal tongue, hard palate, gums
Non-keretinized stratified squamous epithelial
-mouth, pharynx, vagina, anus

Front 14

general function of stratified squamous epithelial

Back 14

protection against abrasions, pathogens and chemicals

Front 15

type of epithelial of a single layer of cells that are similar in height and width

Back 15

Simple cuboidal epithelial

Front 16

where is Simple cuboidal epithelial found?
and function?

Back 16

-portion of the kidney tubules, glands, ovarian surface, part of male urethra
-limited protection, secretion, absorption

Front 17

type of epithelial consists of a single layer that are taller than they are wide?

Back 17

simple columnar epithelial

Front 18

what 2 forms does simple columnar epithelial take and where are they found?

Back 18

-Ciliated simple columnar epithelial
- uterine tubes
-Non-ciliated simple columnar epithelial
- digestive tract, lining of stomach and intestines

Front 19

The non-ciliated simple columnar epithelial form has finger-like projections on the apical surface of the plasma membrane, what are they and their purpose?

Back 19

Microvilli
-increase the surface area and absorption

Front 20

What type of epithelial consists of what appears to be more than one layer of cells that are taller than they are wide but where each cell is in contact with the basal lamina?

Back 20

pseudostratified columnar epithelial

Front 21

2 forms of pseudostratified columnar epithelial and where are they found?

Back 21

-Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial: respiratory tract, nasal, trachea, bronchi
-Non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial: epididymis, male urethra, some glands

Front 22

what type of unicellular gland is commonly found in simple columnar epithelial and what is its product

Back 22

goblet cells and mucin

Front 23

what type of epithelial consists consists of multiple layers of cells that change their shape in response to stretch
and where is it found and functions

Back 23

transitional epithelial
- bladder, renal pelvis, ureters
-allow distention & recoil

Front 24

Based on discharge of secretions there are two basic types of glands. What are they and how do they differ in where their products are secreted?

Back 24

-exocrine: secrete through ducts onto a surface
-endocrine: secrete directly into interstitial fluid

Front 25

6 functions of connective tissue

Back 25

-structural framework
-transport: blood
-physical protection
-support/surrounding and binding of structures
- storage: fat
immunity: interferes with movement of invaders and house leukocytes

Front 26

3 basic components of connective tissue?

Back 26

cells
protein fibers
ground substance

Front 27

what term is used for the combination of the two non-cellular components of connective tissue rather than the cells, determines its properties

Back 27

matrix

Front 28

what are the two basic types of connective tissue proper and what is the general role of each in the body?

Back 28

-loose: packing material: fills spaces, cushion, support
-dense: provide strength and support: resist pull

Front 29

what type of loose connective tissue is found deep in the dermis of the skin and surrounds blood vessels, muscles and nerves and general function?

Back 29

areolar connective tissue

-allows independent movement and cushioning

Front 30

what term is used for the shiny layers of binding tissue that surround and separate muscles and vessels

Back 30

fascia

Front 31

type of loose connective tissue is commonly known as fat and general function

Back 31

adipose connective tissue
- energy storage and cushioning and isolation

Front 32

type of loose connective tissue forms a structural framework in organs such as the liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow?

Back 32

reticular connective tissue

Front 33

general function of reticular connective tissue

Back 33

provide supporting framework

Front 34

what form of dense connective tissue had tightly-packed collagen fibers that are aligned parallel to applied forces?
- where is it found

Back 34

dense regular connective tissue
-dermis, perichondrium, periosteum, joint capsules

Front 35

what is the sheath that surrounds the bones formed by reticular connective tissue

Back 35

periosteum

Front 36

2 types of fluid connective tissue

Back 36

-blood
-lymph

Front 37

2 categories of supporting connective tissue and briefly describe the matrix of each

Back 37

-cartilage: firm gel with protein fibers
-bone:rigid calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate with protein fibers

Front 38

the spaces within the matrix of supporting connective tissue where the cells reside

Back 38

lacunae

Front 39

3 types of cartilage

Back 39

-hyaline
-fibrocartilage
-elastic

Front 40

type of cartilage is the most common and contains closely packed fine collagen fibers making it smooth and glassy looking?

Back 40

hyaline cartilage

Front 41

where is hyaline cartilage found

Back 41

articular surfaces
nose
trachea
larynx
costal cartilage
fetal skeleton
epiphyseal plates

Front 42

type cartilage contains elastic fibers making it flexible and resilient and where is it found

Back 42

elastic cartilage
-epiglottis- external ear

Front 43

cartilage has large fibers that tend to be arranged along the lines of stress in the region to resist compression, absorb shock, and prevent bone to bone contact and where is it found

Back 43

fibrocartilage
-intervertebral disc, pubic symphysis, menisci

Front 44

what kind of bone is solid and forms the outer shell of an individual bone

Back 44

cortical bone

Front 45

kind of bone that forms a latticework inside of individual bones

Back 45

cancellous bone

Front 46

for what purpose is the muscle tissue specialized

Back 46

contraction

Front 47

type of muscle is striated, multinucleate, voluntary, and found in what we generally call muscles

Back 47

skeletal muscle

Front 48

type of muscle is striated, involuntary, and forms the myocardium?

Back 48

cardiac muscle

Front 49

what do we call the specialized regions that connect one cardiac muscle cell to another and help coordinate the activities of these cells

Back 49

intercalated discs

Front 50

type of muscle is non-striated, involuntary, and found in areas such as the respiratory tract, blood vessels, digestive tract, reproductive tract, urinary tract, and attached to the base of hair follicles?

Back 50

smooth muscles

Front 51

what purpose is neural tissue specialized

Back 51

conduction of electrical impulses

Front 52

parts of the neuron
-cell body
-dendrites
-axon

Back 52

-contains the nucleus
-receives incoming signals
-transmits signals away from the cell body

Front 53

which of the 2 basic cell types in neural tissue occur in several different varieties and have such tasks as providing a supporting framework for neural tissue, regulating the composition of the interstitial fluid surrounding neural tissue and providing nutrients to the impulse conducting cells of the nervous system

Back 53

glial cells
-support cells of the nervous system