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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an audiogram?
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graphic display of hearing test results
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What is amplitude(intensity)?
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distance from the baseline to the point of maximum displacement on the wave
-measured in dB |
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What term does this definition represent: ratio between sound and reference SP?
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dB logarithmic measure
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What is a threshold?
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levels at which an individual barely hears a sound for a variety of frequencies
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On an audiogram, the decibel range is...
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-10 to 120 dB HL
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What dB does the audiometer represent threshold at?
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0dB HL regardless of hertz; which represents different levels of sound pressure
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What dB HL is conversational speech at?
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50 dB HL
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What is the pathway of sound in air conduction?
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Sound enters the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear
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Most common problems that affect hearing by air conduction are...
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otitis media, cerumen, noise trauma
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What is the pathway of sound in bone conduction?
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Sound does not travel through outer ear or middle ear
-goes directly to inner ear |
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What is a common problem that can affect bone conduction?
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noise trauma
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Why do audiologists compare results of air and bone conduction testing?
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to determine whether the loss is in the outer/middle ear system or in the inner ear system
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What are the two symbols used in air conduction to represent the right and left ear?
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red circle and a blue cross
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What is the sensation level?
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signal relative to client's own threshold
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If a client has a threshold of 15 dB and the input signal is 50 dB, what is the sensation level?
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35 dB SL
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If an adult has 41-55dB HL, what degree of hearing loss is this?
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Moderate hearing loss
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If an adult has 26-40 db HL, what degree of hearing loss is this?
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mild hearing loss
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If an adult has 90+ db HL, what degree of hearing loss is this?
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profound hearing loss
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If an adult has 71-90 dB HL, what degree of hearing loss is this?
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severe hearing loss
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If an adult has 56-70 dB HL, what degree of hearing loss is this?
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moderately severe hearing loss
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If an adult has -10 to 25 dB HL, what degree of hearing loss is this?
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normal
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If a child has 16 to 25 dB HL, what degree of hearing loss is this?
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slight
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What dB is considered normal for a child?
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-10 to 15 dB HL
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What symbols are used for bone conduction results?
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Carats
> for left < for right |
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What are the three types of hearing losses?
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1. conductive
2. sensorineural 3. mixed |
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Adults have slight hearing loss...true or false?
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False...only children have slight hearing loss
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In a conductive hearing loss, the audiogram shows these results regarding AC, BC, and air bone gap...
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abnormal AC
normal BC air bone gap |
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What is an air bone gap?
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difference,in decibels, between thresholds obtained by air conduction and thresholds obtained by bone conduction at a particular frequency in an ear
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What part of the ear is the conductive hearing loss?
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outer and middle ear
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What is the management of a conductive hearing loss?
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medical attention or otological management
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What kind of results do you see on an audiogram showing a sensorineural hearing loss?
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abnormal AC
abnormal BC no air bone gap |
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If the air bone gap is over 10 dB, is it significant?
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Yes, if it equals 10 or is less than 10 then it is not significant
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What type of management is considered for SNHL?
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amplification or aural rehabilitation
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What kind of results do you see on an audiogram showing a mixed hearing loss?
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AC abnormal
BC abnormal AB gap |
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What type of management is considered for mixed hearing loss?
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refer for medical attention, amplification or aural rehab
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What kind of configuration is worst in the mid frequencies and gets better at high and low frequency?
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trough
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What kind of configuration has thresholds 20 dB across range?
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flat
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What kind of configuration has high frequencies that are 20 dB poorer than low frequencies?
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sloping
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What kind of configuration has low frequencies that are 20 dB poorer than high frequencies?
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rising
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What kind of configuration is 20 dB or more per octave in high frequency?
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precipitous sloping
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When do you provide masking?
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when a hearing loss is asymmetrical
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What does masking assure?
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That the threshold is response of the test ear and not the non test ear
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What is the symbol for AC masking for right ear?
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triangle
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What is the symbol for AC masking for left ear?
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square
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What are the BC symbols for masking?
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[ for the right ear
] for the left ear |
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What does this statement refer to..."speech is a succession of sounds varying in time in intensity and frequency"?
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average speech spectrum
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In order for listeners to understand a speech signal, the signal must reach the ear with ...
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sufficient intensity
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Are vowels low or high in frequency?
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low
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Are vowels low or high in intensity?
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high
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Are consonants low or high in frequency?
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high
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Are consonants high or low in intensity?
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low
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What is the audibility index (AI)?
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contribution of frequency band illustrated with 100 dots to determine total speech signal that is audible to listener
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What is the number range for AI?
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0.0-1.0
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Does noise contain high or low frequency energy?
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low frequency
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What device do you use to measure noise in the environment?
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sound level meter
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What are three reasons (or scales) a SL meter is used for?
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1. noise harmful for hearing
2. determine if location is suitable for screening 3. amount of noise in classroom |
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Sound to noise ratio is the difference between....
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levels of signal (speech) relative to the background noise
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If the level of the signal is 60dB and the level of noise is 50 dB, what is the signal to noise ratio?
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10 dB
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If the level of signal is 50 dB and the noise if 60 dB, what is the signal to noise ratio?
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-10 dB
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Signal to noise ratio usually depends on what 5 factors?
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1. language level
2. first language and background knowledge 3. language impairment 4. hearing loss 5. age |
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What law states that as the distance between the speaker and listener is doubled, the sound pressure level is decreased by 6 dB?
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inverse square law
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If the signal to noise ratio is 6 dB at 3 ft, what would it be at 6 ft?
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0 dB
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What does this define, "amount of time it takes for a sound to decrease by 60 dB"?
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reverberation time
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The.....the reverberation time, the longer the sound lingers in acoustic environment
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greater
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Do you want short or long reverberation time for children in the classroom?
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short
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What is the RT for normal hearing children?
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should not exceed <0.6 sec
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What is the RT for children with hearing loss?
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should not exceed <0.5 sec.
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What RT does ASHA recommend?
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should not exceed <.4 sec
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