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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acid
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Molecules tending to raise the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution, to lower the pH numerically
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Adenine (A)
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One of four nitrogen bases and nucleotides composing the structure of DNA and RNA
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ADP( adenosine diphosphate)
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Nucleotide with two phosphate groups that can accept another phosphate group and become a ATP
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Amino acid
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Nucleotide with two phosphate groups that can accept another phosphate group and become ATP
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Atomic mass
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Mass of an atom equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons with the nucleus
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Atomic number
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Number of protons within the nucleus of an atom
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ATP( adenosine triphosphate)
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Nucleotide with three phosphate groups. the breakdown of ATP into ADP+P makes energy available for energy-requiring processes in cells.
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Base
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Molecules tending to lower the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution and raise the pH numerically
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Buffer
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Substance or group of substances that tend to resist pH changes of a solution, thus stabilizing its relative acidity and basicity
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Calorie
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Amount of heat energy to raise the temperature of 1g of water 1℃
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Carbohydrate
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Class of organic compounds that includes monosaccarides, dissaccarides and polysaccharides
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Cellulose
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Polysaccharide that is the major complex carbohydrate in plant cell walls
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Complementary paired bases
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Hydrogen bonding between particular bases
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DNA bases
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Thymine(T) pairs with Adenine(A)
Guanine(G) pairs with Cytosine(C) |
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RNA bases
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Uracil(U) pairs with Adenine(A)
Guanine(G) pairs with Cytosine(C) |
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Compound
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Substance having two or more different elements united chemically in a fixed ratio
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Covalent bond
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Chemical bond in which atoms share one pair of electrons
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Covalent bond
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Chemical bond in which atoms share one pair of electrons
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Cytosine(C)
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One of the four nitrogen bases in nucleotides composing the structure of DNA and RNA
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Dehydration reaction
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Chemical reaction resulting in a covalent bond with the accompanying loss of a water molecule
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Denaturation
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Loss of normal shape by an enzyme so that it no longer functions; caused by a less optimal pH or temperature
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Disaccharide
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Sugar that contains two of a monosaccaride. ex maltose
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DNA
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Nucleic acid polymer reproduced from covalent bonding of a nucleotide monomers that contain the sugar deoxyribose; the genetic material of nearly all organisms
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Electon
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Negative subatomic particle, moving about in an energy level around the nucleus of an atom
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Element
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Substance that cannot be broken down into substances with different properties; composed of only one type of atom
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elmulsification
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Breaking up fat globules into smaller droplets by the action of bile salts or any other elmulsifer
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fat
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organic molecule that contains glycerol and fatty acids; found in adipose tissue
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fatty acid
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Molecule that contains hydrocarbon chain and ends with an acid group
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Glucose
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Six-carbon sugar that organisms degrade as a source of energy during cellular respiration
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glycogen
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storage polysaccharide composed of glucose molecules joined in a linear fashion by having numerous branches
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guanine (G)
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one of the four nitrogen bases in nucleotides composing the structure of DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine
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hemoglobin
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Iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that combines with and transports oxygen
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hexose
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Six-carbon sugar
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