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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy |
The study of the structures found in a organism |
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Physiology |
The study of the body's life processes |
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What is the structural hierarchy from largest to smallest? (7) |
Organ system, Organ, tissue, cell, organelle, molecule, Atom |
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Organ system |
group of organs |
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Differentiation/maturation |
Is the transformation of cells and tissues |
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Responsiveness |
Is relating to a change or stimulants which includes both: irritability and excitability |
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Irritability |
Is detecting the stimuli or change |
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Excitability |
Is the condition of impulses, interpreting The stimulus, change, or condition. |
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Reproduction |
Organisms able to produce copies of themselves |
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Evolution/adaptation |
Changes to the DNA that are passed from one generation to another that improves lifespan or reproduction |
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Homeostasis or dynamic equilibrium |
The bodies ability to detect changes, activate mechanisms that. Correct it |
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Stress |
Anything that disturbs homeostasis |
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Describe how the nervous, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems regulate homeostasis (4) |
1. Receptors = nervous system 2. Integration center = nervous system 3. Endocrine system can send hormones 4. Cardiovascular system circulates hormones and nutrients to effectors |
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Negative feedback mechanisms |
Change sense by body which activates mechanisms |
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Organ |
two or more tissue types that work together |
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Blood pressure (negative feedback ) |
Baroreceptors Detects low blood pressure to cardiac Center in the brains send signals to cause a heart rate to increase |
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Blood glucose levels (negative feedback mechanism) |
When blood glucose levels gets too low, impulses are sent to the pancreas and secretes glycogen to cause the release of glucose |
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Positive feedback mechanisms |
Response by reinforcing the stress |
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Urine contractions during labor (positive feedback mechanism) |
1. Head of fetus pushes against cervix 2. Nerve impulses from cervix are transmitted to brain 3. Brain stimulates pituitary gland to secrete oxytocin 4. Oxytocin stimulates urine contractions and pushes fetus toward cervix |
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Tissue |
A mass of similar cells |
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Cell |
The smallest unit that carries out all basic functions of life; numerous organelles |
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Organelle |
Microscopic structures in a cell that carry out its individual functions compose of micro molecules |
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Molecule |
Groups of Atoms |
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Atom |
The smallest unit of matter; particles |
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Metabolism |
Is the sum of all internal Chemical and physical change in an organism |
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Excretion |
The production of waste products during metabolism |
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Growth |
Includes increasing in size and replace in damage or old cells |
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Coagulation of blood (positive feedback mechanisms) |
Is a series of chemical reactions that must occur in sequence to produce a clot. Each reaction has a product that is needed for the next reaction. |
