Cholinergic And Adrenergic Drugs

Front 1

Neostigmine

Back 1

MOA: AChE inhibitor, increase ACh at synapse
Bio: inc urination & intestinal motility, low doses stim contraction in skeletal muscle
SE: Sludge, dec BP, bronchospasm

Hint 1

Treat Myasthenia Gravis

Front 2

Isoflurophate

Back 2

MOA: irreversible covalent bond the AChE inhibits action = long term increase ACh in synapse
Bio: contract ciliary muscle to open trabecular meshwork
Treat glaucoma
SE: Sludge, dec BP, bronchospams

Hint 2

Organophosphate type used as pesticide and nerve gas

Front 3

Cholinergic Toxidrome

Back 3

Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI over motility, Emesis, Miosis

Hint 3

SLUDGE-M: massive discharge of PS system

Front 4

Phenylephrine

Back 4

Specific agonist of α1 receptors
Treat nasal congestion

Hint 4

Sudafed

Front 5

Indirect adrenergic drugs (9)

Back 5

Imipramine, Metyrosine, Tolcapone, Entacapone, Reserpine, Amphetamine, Guanethidine, Guanadrel, Tranylcypromine,

Hint 5

I'm meeting tall E capone and Sir Pine at the amphitheater then I'm gonna (guana) drill and dine with some prominent trannys

Front 6

Metyrosine

Back 6

Blocks tyrosine hydroxylase
Treat pheochromocytoma (adrenal hyperplasia)

Hint 6

Decrease NE synthesis

Front 7

Reserpine

Back 7

Ruins storage vesicles for NE
Treat HTN
SE: depression

Hint 7

Decrease NE transmission

Front 8

Imiprimine

Back 8

Blocks reuptake of NE
Treat depression
MOA for tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) and cocaine

Hint 8

Increased NE in synapse

Front 9

Amphetamine

Back 9

Flip the reuptake transporter to release NE from vesicles instead (and no reuptake possible)
Treat ADD, depression, narcolepsy

Hint 9

Increased NE in synapse - Adrenomimetic

Front 10

Guanethidine and Guanadrel

Back 10

Displaces NE in vesicles causing depletion
Treat HTN
Initial effect would be to increase NE so have to slowly deplete the vesicles with increasing dosages

Hint 10

Depletion of NE

Front 11

Tranylcypromine

Back 11

MAO (A and B) inhibitor, increases NE within the neuron
Treat depression

Hint 11

Adrenomimetic (MAOI)

Front 12

Tolcapone and Entacapone

Back 12

COMT inhibitor with mostly CNS action
Used as adjunct for PD

Hint 12

Adrenomimetic

Front 13

Direct adrenergic drugs

Back 13

Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Oxymetazoline, Clonidine, Isoproterenol

Hint 13

No clones is pro ox metal + Epinephrine

Front 14

Norepinephrine

Back 14

Nonselective (α1 >> α2 > β1 > β2)
Action: Vasoconstriction
Treat: shock
SE: HTN, local ischemia

Hint 14

Endogenous - when there's NO time

Front 15

Oxymetazoline

Back 15

Nonselective α agonist
Action: local vasoconstriction
Use: nasal decongestant or eyedrops

Hint 15

Afrin, Visine

Front 16

Clonidine
(1 similar drug and off label use)

Back 16

α2 agonist (inhibitory)
Action: CNS action to dec BP
Treat: HTN
SE: drowsy, dizzy, dry mouth
Apraclonidine for glaucoma
Off label use to treat addiction

Hint 16

Acts in CNS for peripheral effects

Front 17

Epinephrine
(include dose dependent effects and treatments)

Back 17

β1>β2>α1,2
Action: inc HR/CO - low dose (β2) =vasodilation, bronchodilation, raise glycemia VS high dose (α1) =vasoconstriction, decrease insulin release
Treat: acute asthma and anaphylactic shock; high dose local application for glaucoma
SE: CNS, arrhythmias, pulmonary edema

Hint 17

Reverse selectivity of NE

Front 18

Isoproterenol

Back 18

Nonselective β agonist
Action: bronchodilation, inc HR/CO
Treat: bronchospasms/low HR during anesthesia or as adjunct for shock
SE: tachycardia

Hint 18

I SO can't breathe like a PRO

Front 19

Dopamine (ANS effects)

Back 19

D1,2 > β1 > α1,2 >>> β2
Action: inc HR/CO (β1); high dose causes vasoconstriction (α1)
Drug of choice for shock because in increases BP while also improving renal perfusion, unlike NE which constricts renal vessels
SE: HTN, arrhythmia

Hint 19

Drug of choice for shock

Front 20

Non selective alpha antagonists (2) and their side effects

Back 20

Phenoxybenzamine (long acting) and Phentolamine (short acting)
SE: arrhythmia, tachycardia, inhibit ejaculation, increase GI acid secretion (by histamine release)
Not used long term because of GI/GU effects

Hint 20

Phen and Phen treat and diagnose Pheo

Front 21

Phenoxybenzamine

Back 21

nonselective, irreversible, α receptor antagonist
Treat pheochromocytoma symptoms

Hint 21

long acting
Phen treats Pheo

Front 22

Phentolamine

Back 22

nonselective, competitive α receptor antagonist
Used to diagnose pheochromocytoma

Hint 22

short acting
Phen diagnoses Pheo

Front 23

Prazosin or Doxazosin

Back 23

α1 antagonist, prevents Action: vasoconstriction but without direct heart-related effects
Treat long term HTN
SE: dizzy, drowsy, depressed, HE, vertigo, nervousness

Hint 23

selective antagonist

Front 24

Tamsulosin and Terazosin

Back 24

α1 antagonist, vasoconstriction specific for bladder and urethral muscles
Treat BPH or bladder output obstruction

Hint 24

Similar to Prazosin

Front 25

Propanolol

Back 25

non selective β receptor antagonist
Action: Dec HR/CO, reduce systemic vascular tone, decrease aqueous humor production
Treat HTN, glaucoma, post MCI, migraine
SE: bronchoconstriction makes it contraindicated in asthma, COPD, constapation, sedation, sleep disturbances, dec metabolism (exercise intolerance)
Interactions:

Hint 25

Michael Jackson OD - he was nonselective for B(oys) and was antagonized for it

Front 26

Atenolol

Back 26

β1 selective antagonist
Action: Dec HR/CO and BP
Treat HTN (no respiratory side effects bc no β2 antagonism)
SE: Arrhythmias

Hint 26

Like propanolol without respiratory side effects

Front 27

Metoprolol and Esmolol

Back 27

β1 selective antagonists
Action: Dec HR/CO and BP
Metoprolol treats HTN, acute MCI, CHF
Esmolol is short acting for rapid control of tachycardia/HTN

Hint 27

Similar to Atenolol

Front 28

Labetalol

Back 28

α, β1 selective antagonists and β2 selective agonist
Action: prevent vasoconstriction (anti-α1), reduce HR/CO (anti-β1), relax vasculature smooth muscle (β2)
Treat: mild to severe HTN, given IV in hypertensive attack
SE: dizziness, nausea, hypotension

Hint 28

double antagonist + single agonist

Front 29

Carvediol

Back 29

Third generation, β2 agonist (decrease peripheral resistance) with blockade of calcium cascade to prevent compensatory HR increase
Treat: HTN, esp post MCI

Hint 29

Third generation beta-blocker (C)

Front 30

Nebivolol

Back 30

Third generation, β1 antagonist (dec HR/CO) with NO donors to offset ROS negative effects on platelet and lipid aggregation
Treat: HTN, esp post ischemic stroke or in hyperlipidemia

Hint 30

Third generation beta-blocker (N)

Front 31

Irreversible AChE inhibitors

Back 31

Organophosphates (isoflurophate, nerve gas)

Hint 31

WW2

Front 32

Reversible AChE inhibitors (4 types)

Back 32

Any -stigmine), Qry alcohols (Edrophonium), Donepezil, Tacrin
Curare antidote

Hint 32

Reverse your stigma

Front 33

Donepezil and Tacrin

Back 33

Reversible AChE inhibitor with BBB penetration
Treats dementia of the Alzheimer's type

Hint 33

Done with forgetting my pez

Front 34

Endrophonium

Back 34

Reversible AChE inhibitor
Treat MG or to reverse nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockages

Hint 34

Indirect increase of ACh at synapse

Front 35

Indirect cholinergic drugs (5)

Back 35

CAT inhibitors, Vesamicol, Hemicholinium, Latrotoxin, Botulinum toxin

Hint 35

2 toxins + V H CAT

Front 36

Acetylseco hemicolinium (CAT inhibitor)

Back 36

Anticholinergic

Front 37

Vesamicol

Back 37

MOA: block transport of ACh into storage vesicles
Anticholinergic

Hint 37

Vesamicol sounds like vesicle

Front 38

Hemicholinium

Back 38

MOA: block choline reuptake into presynaptic terminal
Anticholinergic via ACh depletion

Hint 38

Depletion

Front 39

Latrotoxin (black widow spider venom)

Back 39

explosive ACh release triggers exocytosis

Hint 39

You have to ENHANCE your visual field to see a black widow spider

Front 40

Botulinum Toxin

Back 40

Block ACh release at the plasma membrane
Treats twitching eyelids or deviated eyes

Hint 40

Robots

Front 41

Cholinergic Alkaloids (2 muscarinic, 2 nicotinic)

Back 41

Muscarine and Pilocarpine
Nicotine and Lobeline

Hint 41

Lifting a pile o cars is good for your muscles
Put a cigarette behind your eye lobe

Front 42

4 Choline esters and their sites of action

Back 42

Acetylcholine chloride, short acting at both receptors
Methacholine chloride, long acting at muscarinic
Carbachol chloride, long acting at both sites
Bethanechol chloride, long acting at muscarinic

Hint 42

Beth has Meth in her Car
Beth does Meth for her muscles

Front 43

Acetylcholine clinical use

Back 43

Miosis for eye surgery

Front 44

Cholinomimetics (5)

Back 44

Bethanechol, Carbachol. Cevimeline, Pilocarpine, Varenicline

Hint 44

BC -chol
CPV -ine

Front 45

Carbachol

Back 45

Cholinomimetic
Gluacoma or miosis for surgery

Hint 45

eyes

Front 46

Bethanechol clinical use

Back 46

Cholinomimetic
Urinary retention (muscarinic stimulation)

Hint 46

all her muscles makes it hard for beth to pee

Front 47

Muscarinic cholinergic antagonists (4)

Back 47

All reduce PS function (cause bronchodilation and prevent secretions)
Atropine, Ipratropium (inhalation bronchodilator), Scopolamine (anti-emetic), Tolterodine (overactive bladder)

Hint 47

one is treatment for nerve gas
I pray to be able to breathe
Use Scope after you vomit
I told terry I had to pee

Front 48

Dobutamine

Back 48

Specific agonist of β1 receptors
Increase contractility with little changes in HR or TPR
Treat CHF

Hint 48

specific - safer than other drugs of this type

Front 49

Albuterol

Back 49

Specific agonist of β2 receptors
Treat bronchospams - inhaled
SE: arrhythmia, micturation difficulty

Hint 49

Asthma inhaler