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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This is commonly used in automobile antifreezes, and is a diol that is highly toxic if ingested.
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Ethylene Glycol
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What type of orbital do the lone pair electrons on oxygen occupy in ethanol?
sp pi p sigma sp3 |
sp3
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What two (hybrid) atomic orbitals overlap to form the C-O bond in ethanol?
C sp3 + O sp2 C sp3 + O sp3 C sp2 + O sp3 C sp2 + O sp2 none of the above |
C sp3 + O sp3
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1-Methylcyclopentan-1-ol is classified as
a primary alcohol a tertiary alcohol a secondary alcohol a phenol an enol |
a tertiary alcohol
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Which is more soluble in water, butan-1-ol or decan-1-ol? Explain briefly.
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Butan-1-ol is more soluble in water because it has a smaller alkyl group and is therefore less hydrophobic and more likely to form hydrogen bonds in water.
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What is the major intermolecular attraction responsible for the relatively high boiling points of alcohols?
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Hydrogen bonding
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Which acid is stronger, phenol or 4-nitrophenol?
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4-nitrophenol
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Why are ether solvents used in the preparation of Grignard and organolithium reagents?
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Ethers provide a polar, aprotic environment in which these species can form. Polar reagents prefer polar solvents. Also, ethers are unreactive to strong bases and have no functional groups that react with nucleophiles.
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Which of the following alkyl halides would be suitable to use when forming a Grignard reagent?
(CH3)2NCH2CH2Br H2NCH2CH2BR CH3COCH2CH2Br BrCH2CH2CH2CN All of the above |
(CH3)2NCH2CH2Br
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In a 1-butanol molecule what part of the molecule is described as hydrophilic?
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the OH (hydroxyl group)
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What best describes the reactive nature of a Grignard reagent?
nucleophile carbocation electrophile carbene free radical |
nucleophile
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Distillation of mixtures of ethanol and water cannot increase the ethanol content of the mixture above 95% because this solution boils at a lower temperature than either pure ethanol or pure water. The term which describes this lower boiling mixture is
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Azeotrope
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When a KETONE is treated with LiAlH4 followed by addition of H2O, what general class of products results?
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secondary alcohol
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When an ALDEHYDE is treated with LiAlH4 followed by an addition of H2O, what general class of product results?
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primary alcohol
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Reduction of a KETONE with NaBH4 will result in the formation of
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secondary alcohol
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Which is the stronger acid, cyclohexanol or 2-fluorocyclohexan-1-ol?
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2-fluorocyclohexan-1-ol
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How would one use a Grignard-based synthesis to accomplish the following transformation?
methyl isobutyrate [(CH3)2CHCO2CH3] to 3-ethyl-2-methylpentan-3-ol |
1. CH3CH2MgBr (2 equivalents)
2. H3O+ |
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Provide an acceptable name for the compound below
HOCH2CH2OH |
ethane-1,2-diol
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