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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Photosynthesis
Light-driven reactions
CO2
Organic molecules
6CO2+12H2O (enegry)-> C6H12O6+6H2O+6O2
1. Energy Capture
2. Energy Utilization
Chloroplast
made of:
chloroplast envelope
thylakoid
grana
stroma
lipids
strach
Grana
where the light reactions occur
photosynthesis 1
stacked thylakoid
Stroma
where the dark reaction occur
photo synthesis 2
unstacked thylakoid
carbon fixation
Thylakoid
a flattened sac or vesicle lined with a pigmented membrane that is the site of photosynthesis
Thylakoid space
lumen
transient energy storage
Thylakoid membrane
an internal system of interconnected membranes, that carry out the light reactions of photosynthesis
where ATP and NADPH are made
Light harvesting
Photosynthesis reaction
light->(+H2O,-O2) photosynthetic electron-transfer reactions in thylakoid membrane->(+H) ATP+NADPH-> (+CO2)carbon-fixation reactions in stroma-> sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids
NAD+/NADH
High catabolic processes
compounds oxidized
NADPH/NADP+
High anaboblic processes
compounds reduced
Anabolic reactions
require energy
Catabolic reactions
do not require energy
Oxidation
is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion
Reduction
is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion
Oxidizing agent
removes electrons from another reactant
negative charge
Reducing agent
adds electrons from another reactant
positive charge
Light reactions
photosystem 2 -> electron transport H+ pump-> photosytem 1-> ATP synthase
Visible light
Electromagnetic radiation
waves violet (400nm) to red (700nm)
photons
Longer wavelengths, lower energy
Photons
discrete packets of energy
Photosynthetic pigments
chlorophyll a
bacterio-chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
B carotene
bacterio-chlorophyll a
O=C-(HC=CH2)CH3
accessory pigment
chlorophyll b
HOC-CH3, absorbs 475nm best (blue light)
reflects green
accessory pigment
B carotene
absorbs blue & green light, reflects red
two beta rings on each end
Photosystem Antenna Complex
composed of molecules of chlorophyll and carotenoids mounted on two proteins
light collector
send light energy to reaction center to make high energy electrons
Reaction center
transfers e- to e- acceptors
special pair of chlorophyll molecules in reaction center
makes high e-'s