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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Photosynthesis
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Light-driven reactions
CO2 Organic molecules 6CO2+12H2O (enegry)-> C6H12O6+6H2O+6O2 1. Energy Capture 2. Energy Utilization |
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Chloroplast
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made of:
chloroplast envelope thylakoid grana stroma lipids strach |
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Grana
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where the light reactions occur
photosynthesis 1 stacked thylakoid |
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Stroma
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where the dark reaction occur
photo synthesis 2 unstacked thylakoid carbon fixation |
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Thylakoid
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a flattened sac or vesicle lined with a pigmented membrane that is the site of photosynthesis
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Thylakoid space
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lumen
transient energy storage |
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Thylakoid membrane
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an internal system of interconnected membranes, that carry out the light reactions of photosynthesis
where ATP and NADPH are made Light harvesting |
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Photosynthesis reaction
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light->(+H2O,-O2) photosynthetic electron-transfer reactions in thylakoid membrane->(+H) ATP+NADPH-> (+CO2)carbon-fixation reactions in stroma-> sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids
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NAD+/NADH
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High catabolic processes
compounds oxidized |
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NADPH/NADP+
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High anaboblic processes
compounds reduced |
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Anabolic reactions
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require energy
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Catabolic reactions
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do not require energy
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Oxidation
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is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion
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Reduction
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is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion
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Oxidizing agent
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removes electrons from another reactant
negative charge |
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Reducing agent
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adds electrons from another reactant
positive charge |
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Light reactions
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photosystem 2 -> electron transport H+ pump-> photosytem 1-> ATP synthase
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Visible light
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Electromagnetic radiation
waves violet (400nm) to red (700nm) photons Longer wavelengths, lower energy |
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Photons
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discrete packets of energy
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Photosynthetic pigments
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chlorophyll a
bacterio-chlorophyll a chlorophyll b B carotene |
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bacterio-chlorophyll a
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O=C-(HC=CH2)CH3
accessory pigment |
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chlorophyll b
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HOC-CH3, absorbs 475nm best (blue light)
reflects green accessory pigment |
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B carotene
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absorbs blue & green light, reflects red
two beta rings on each end |
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Photosystem Antenna Complex
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composed of molecules of chlorophyll and carotenoids mounted on two proteins
light collector send light energy to reaction center to make high energy electrons |
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Reaction center
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transfers e- to e- acceptors
special pair of chlorophyll molecules in reaction center makes high e-'s |