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16 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Modern Western notion of childhood

Children fundamentally different from adults.


Physically and psychologically immature.


Lacks skills and experience.

Pilcher

Distinct separateness of childhood


A "life stage"


Golden Age of innocence

Wagg

Socially constructed, not a universal concept.


More of a western concept.

Differences in childhood: Punch

Bolivia- 5 year olds take work responsibilities in the home and local community without hesitation.

Differences in childhood: Holmes

No concept of "too young" in Samoa. Children use dangerous tools and carry heavy loads.

Differences in childhood: Firth

Tikopia of the Western Pacific- children decide whether to listen to elders.

Differences in childhood: Malinowski

Tobriand islanders of the South West pacific, do not view the sexual activies of young people and children with disdain.

Aries-Middle Ages

The idea of childhood did not exist;


Children seen as mini adults.


Children often had to face the same punishments as adults if they broke the law.


Looked at art made during the time to make his study.

Pollak

Argues against Aries. Believes that society simply had a different view of childhood.

Reasons for changes in the position of childhood

Declining family size. Children's rights. Compulsory schooling. Children's health. Child Protection. Laws & Policies. Lower infant mortality rates. Child labour laws.

March of progress view

Position of children in Western societies has been steadily improving over time.


Changes not so apparent in other societies but have still happened.

Conflcit view

Some groups are empowered and other are underpowered.


Children are a group that are underpowered by powerful groups that dominant them. (Parents and teachers)

Nationality

Where you are born will affect your life experience

Gender

Little boys and girls socialised differently.

Ethnicity

Little girls from Asian families are expected to obey their parents and be submissive. Little boys expected to study hard and excel at school.

Class

Working class children and middle class children have different experiences.