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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Western view on childhood

Vulnerable time should be protected by law from exploitation and abuse.


Views are socially constructed

Historical changes

Childhood not always separate


Medieval- physical dependence then adult roles


Little adults, no edu, toys, adult clothes.


Victorian low status

How did industrialisation cause childhood

Work out of home. Restriction on child labour. Isolated from responsibility. Viewed as weak need strong discipline. Need edu parents can't give as modern tech. Inc dependency. Decreased power

Causes of child centeredness

Smaller families. Shorter work week. Higher wages. Welfare state. Paedriatrics. Inc parent fear. Inc edu/dependency

March of progress

ARIES children more valued, cared for better.


Less abuse, NHS, compulsory edu, Inc child centered

Criticisms March of progress

Marxist/feminist


Inequality in kids same society


(Gender differences


Class differences)


Inequality kids/adults

Firestone criticised March of progress

Positives are actually negatives, ways to gain power.


Abuse, control of space, control of bodies

Control of space

Parents control where kids go

Control of bodies

Parents control dress code, piercing, habits, posture

Children sad today

UK kids most unhappy in western world. Family breakdown, 33% live away from bio dad's.


UK prone to poor health education failure, bad relationships with parents. Drugs and alcohol. 10% mental illness.


9% run away once a year

What does child crime signify

3000 cases per year


Children fighting oppression

Postman, CH disappearing

Lines blurred, same taste and style. Children exposed to adult exp not sheltered.


Primary kids showed concern to adult concerned

Cunningham CH disappearing

Parental auth undermined by kids having money so make own decisions and decreases dependency. Unprecedented access to ads, so consume and demand access to adult world.

Silva CH disappearing

Less opportunity to socialise as can't limit info, teachers and peers taking role

Palmer CH disappearing

Use tech to we entertain and are more busy so deprived children of proper childhood.


Toxic childhood syndrome, new gen range if social issues.


Children more up to date with tech than parents, access to info

Margo CH disappearing

Lower age of first sex


50's: 20+21


90's:16


Over sexualization of CH


Ads encourage promiscuous

Hierarchy info

Medieval had to talk


Victorian mass literacy. Had to read


Now anyone can access internet no special skills

CH not disappearing

CH separate culture, study rhymes and songs etc


Western CH not disappearing but spreading world wide , media, global institutions and charities impose. Street children may be vital part of preparing for adult