Child Psych Chapter 10 And 11

Front 1

Prosocial/moral behavior begans as socially :

Back 1

desirable behaviors such as sharing, helping, cooperating, and becomes self-imposed moral standards such as honesty, fairness, benevolence, etc.

Front 2

(prosocial/moral behavior) Infants and toddlers recognize :

Back 2

distress and try to help

Front 3

How children are socialized to want to be prosocial: (1,2,3)

Back 3

1. parents model prosocial behavior and describe its benefits.
2. parents and peers reinforce prosocial behavior and describe prosocial ehavior as a trait of the child's.
3. parents use reasoning-based discipline-- when disciplining child parents' explain why nonprosocial behavior was wrong and emphasize the effect on others.

Front 4

Why in a given situation a child wants to engage in prosocial behavior:

Back 4

1. child learns moral rules (can state them covertly) and prosocial behavior becomes a conditioned reinforcer.
2. moral rules become part of child's self-concept (i am a nice person)
3. perspective-taking empathy-- conditioned emotional reaction that approximates what would be felt if the event if was happing to the child.

Front 5

Why in a given situation a child will, or will not, engage in prosocial behavior:

Back 5

recognition
responsibility
required skills
consequences

Front 6

antisocial behavior:

Back 6

behavior that disregards or violates the rights of others and .or the social and legal norms of society.

Front 7

aggression:

Back 7

the international causing of harm to living things or property. (physical, verbal direct or indirect, instrumental, reactive, relational)

Front 8

Phylogenic influences of aggressive behavior:

Back 8

evolutionary significance--defense, predation. Males more physically aggressive than females.

Front 9

ontogenic influence of antisocial behavior: (parents)

Back 9

media exposure, parents model aggressive behavior, parents use inconsistent, harsh, punishment-based discipline

Front 10

ontogenic influence of antisocial behavior: (parents and reinforcer)

Back 10

parents label child as aggressive, see the behavior as a trait of the child's. Aggression often pays off (at least in short run)

Front 11

developmental course of aggression for children by age 2:

Back 11

children demontsrate physical reactive and instrumental aggression (hit push kick bite)

Front 12

developmental course of aggression for preschool thru elementary:

Back 12

boys > girls in verbal and physical aggression

Front 13

developmental course of aggression for late elementary:

Back 13

focus aggression on same gender

Front 14

Developmental course of aggression: Most children become less aggressive as :

Back 14

they move through preschool and elementary school years, but a few remain highly aggressive (fighting, bullying)

Front 15

most children do not go on to engage in serious violence as teens and adults, but they are at greater risk for :

Back 15

becoming serious violent offenders in adolescence and adulthood.

Front 16

__% of bullies convicted of _ or more crimes by age 24

Back 16

40, 3

Front 17

criminal activities ascertained from local police, social authorities and :

Back 17

child welfare authorities records