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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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symbolic thinking
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ability to use a mental symbol, an object, or word to represent something that is not physically present
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mental reasoning
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children gain unrealistic understanding of the world through symbolic functioning
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operations
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organized mental processes
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centration
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focus on an aspect of a stimulus and ignore other aspects (dog mask on a cat still appears to be a dog to kids)
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conservation
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quantity is unrelated to arrangement (if you change the appearance, the amount of the object has changed)
Ex: two equal amounts of water in two different shaped glasses |
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static thinking
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inability to transform (only see the beginning and end states)
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egocentrism
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inability to take another's persepctive
(a kid wants a lego set, so everyone must want one too) |
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intuitive thinking
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avid desire to understand
("but why?") |
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animism
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inanimate objects have characteristics of living objects
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artificialism
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nature wasn't made by humans
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realism
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psychic entities have properties of physical objects
(dreams are real) |
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What are the coping skills at 6 months?
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signal, alternate focus, self-comfort, withdrawal, escape, and avert/scan
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who created "the dance"?
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E.Z. Tronick (dyadic synchrony)
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what percentage of "the dance" is out of step? why?
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70%: babies can't communicate
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Reparation results in...
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increased mastery and coping
internalization ("I'm worthy of getting care.") |
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Growth x Experience =
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regulation and control of emotions
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social smiles
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purposeful smiles
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social referencing
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intentional search of others' feelings to help know how to act
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stranger anxiety
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the caution and wariness displayed by infants when encountering an unfamiliar person
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separation anxiety
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the distressed displayed by infants when a customary care provider departs
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self awareness
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one exists apart from the rest of the world (12 months)
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theory of mind
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infants begin to understand certain things about their own and others' mental processes at quite an early age. This is their knowledge and beliefs about how the mind works and how it influences behavior. Theories of mind are the explanations that children use to explain how others think.
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learning theory
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learning through rewards/reinforcements
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psychoanalytical theory
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mainly the needs that drive attachment
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imprinting
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behavior that takes place during a critical period and involves attachment to the first moving object that is observed (geese study by Konrad)
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Bowlby thought...
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infants are pre-programmed to search for comfort and nurture, not only food.
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I.W.M.
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Internal Working Model (Lifetime dance)
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Stages of Separation according to Bowlby
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Protest --> Despair --> Detachment
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What are the types of attachment behavior?
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signaling behavior --> orienting behavior --> active physical contact
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Rebirthing center
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feels like attachment isn't there, so therapy is considered
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What are the 3 categories of attachment?
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secure, anxious-ambivalent, and anxious-avoidant
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secure
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children use the mother as a kind of home base and are at ease when she is present; when she leaves, they become upset and go to her as soon as she returns
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anxious-ambivalent
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"i hate you; don't leave me."
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anxious-avoidant
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caregiver not around; insecure and independent
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disorganized-disoriented attachment pattern
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inconsistent, contradictory behavior
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