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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F it is difficult to determine whether a child's behavior indicates an emotional disorder
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true
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3 criteria that help determine emotional problems exist in children & adolescents
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behaviors are not age appropriate
behaviors deviate from cultural norms behaviors create deficits or impairments in adaptive functioning |
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who besides the child is treated?
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the family as a whole is treated
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deficits in intellectual & adaptive functioning
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mental retardation
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predisposing factors for mental retardation
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heredity
embryonic development pregnancy & perinatal factors medical conditions acquired in infancy/childhood environmental influences |
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nursing diagnoses R/T mental retardation
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risk for injury R/T altered physical mobility or aggressive behavior
impaired verbal communication impaired social interactions ineffective coping anxiety r/t hospitalization/change in routine/surroundings |
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interventions for clients with mental retardation
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create safe environment
Store items client uses frequently w/in easy reach Recognize s/s of agitation to prevent aggression Identify aspects of self-care within capabilities Work on one aspect of self-care at a time Simple, concrete explanations Positive feedback Encourage independence, assist PRN consistent staff assignment Anticipate/fulfill needs until communication pattern is established Explain meaning of non-verbal gestures to others |
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umbrella term w/wide range in severity of symptoms leading to profound disability to milder forms
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Pervasive Developmental Disorder
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2 of the pervasive development disorders
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Asperger's syndrome
Autism |
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generally accepted cause of autism
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abnormalities in brain structure & function
problem w/the way the brain is wired |
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3 autism impairments
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impaired social interactions
impaired communication restricted activities/interests |
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characteristics of autism
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unable to show emotion
lack eye contact as babies difficulty engaging in cooperative play & forming friendships impaired language (underdeveloped/absent/delayed) immature grammatical structure obsessional attachment to objects become focused in what they are interested in |
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interventions for autism
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1:1 interaction, same staff
Identify sources of anxiety Diversional activities or 1:1 for anxiety Provide familiar objects Support attempts to interact w/others Anticipate fulfill needs until communication established |
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persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequent & severe than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development
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ADD/ADHD
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which disruptive behavior disorder is most amenable to treatment
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ADD/ADHD
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S/S ADD
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Inattentive
Careless mistakes, omission Difficulty sustaining attention – anything can distract them Don’t listen Difficulty following thru on instructions Difficulty organizing Try to avoid tasks that require sustained attention after a while Lose things |
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S/S ADHD
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fidget, squirm
impulsively leave seat in classroom climbing busy – in situations that are inappropriate talk excessively blurt out answers before question completed difficulty waiting turn interrupt, intrude. If untreated, after a while they have difficulty socially w/peers because they are viewed as immature, sometimes even with meds. |
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Nsg diagnoses R/T ADD/ADHD
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Risk for injury R/T impulsive accident-prone and inability to perceive self-harm
Impaired social interaction r/t intrusive, immature Low self esteem r/t negative feedback from peers Noncompliance w/task expectations r/t low frustration tolerance and short attention spans |
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Interventions for ADD/ADHD
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Safe environment
Identify risk behavior– discuss & initiate matter-of-fact consequences if repetitive Follow through-consistency! Provide adequate supervision Accept child-limitations on unacceptable behavior Recognize and give positive reinforcement for acceptable behavior Limit environmental distractions Short-term goals, allow for success Assist prn, simple concrete instructions |
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What are meds given for ADD/ADHD
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Class of stimulants - have paradoxical reaction
Ritalin amphetamines Strattera (non-stimulant) |
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a pattern of negativistic, defiant, disobedient, & hostile behavior toward authority figures
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Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
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when is ODD typically diagnosed
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around 8 yo
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what is ODD many times the antecedent for
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conduct disorder
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s/s ODD
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Lose temper
Argue w/adults Actively defy or refuse to comply w/rules Deliberately annoy people (bully) Blame others for behavior Anger & resentment Spiteful & vindictive Get involved w/older kids and bad habits (drugs, stealing) Frequently hospitalized because of behavior Aggressive towards others, out of control, assaultive Become so frustrated w/negativity that comes down on them that they can resort to threatening suicide |
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interventions for ODD
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Structured activities that gradually incr w/expectations & their demonstration of compliance
Rewards, consistency, consequences Need to know behavioral consequences up front – need to earn privileges Assist to recognize feelings of inadequacy that lead to blaming/getting even Passive-aggressive (I don’t get mad, I get even) Immediate matter-of-fact feedback Immediate positive attention Need to be taught skills, how to manage feelings appropriately Set limits on manipulation Structure things to ensure greatest amount of success |
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treatment for ODD & conduct disorder
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behavioral therapy
antidepressants for depression |
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repetitive/persistent behavior in which the rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated
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Conduct Disorder
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age of onset of Conduct Disorder
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10-12 yo
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Conduct Disorder may be antecedent for what adult disorder
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antisocial personality disorder
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s/s conduct disorder
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Impinge on rights of others, societal norms, are in juvenile justice system (stealing, assault)
Physical misconduct is common Don’t like rules, they aren’t fair and they aren’t following them Bully, threaten & intimidate peers Initiate physical fights, bring weapons to school Cruel to animals Force sexual activity on younger people Set fires with intent of doing harm Deliberate destruction of property Conning people, lies Runaways, truancy |
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presence of multiple motor tics and one or more vocal tics
can appear simultaneously or at different pds during the illness |
Tourette's Syndrome
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age of onset for Tourette's
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6-7 you but can be as early as age 2
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tics are generally tied to what?
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level of anxiety
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treatment for tourette's
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Haldol in low doses
antidepressants |
