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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does Hiram love to do most?
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Send love notes to everyone except his fiancee
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What is the main target for "targeted therapy" drugs?
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Tyrosine kinases.
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What is Imatinib used for? What is the MOA and its side effects?
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Chronic myelogenous leukemia and GISTs.
Targets tyrosine kinases. Side effects are fluid retention, muscle cramps, rash, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. |
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What is Erlotinib used for and what is its target?
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Erlotinib is used for non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer.
It targets ERBB1 tyrosine kinase (EGFR). |
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Note about Erlotinib and EGFR.
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Activating EGFR mutations have been identified that can predict a response to EGFR inhibition in patients with lung cancer.
It is not clear at the present time whether all patients with lung cancer should have mutational analysis performed on the cancer. |
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Aside from Erlotinib, which other drug targets EGFR? What is it used for.
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Cetuximab.
Given IV to treat metastatic colorectal cancer in patients with k-ras. Patients with mutated k-ras are not susceptible to this drug. Cetuximab can be given for squamous cell cancer of the head and neck also. |
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Which drug targets breast cancers whose tumors overexpress Her2.
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Trastuzumab.
Targets ERBB2 (Her2/neu) |
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What should be watched for when treating a patient with trastuzumab?
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Heart function (causes heart failure).
Trastuzumab cardiotoxicity is potentiated when given with Herceptin and doxorubicin.. |
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What does Bevicizumab target?
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Targets VEGF.
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What is Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome and which drug is it associated with?
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RPLS is a medical condition related to leakage of blood vessels in the brain and can cause confusion, blindness or vision changes, seizures and other changes.
This condition is usually reversible, but in rare cases, is potentially life threatening and may have long-term effect on the brain function. Bevicizumab has RPLS listed as a potential side effect. |
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Which drug targets CD20 B lymphocytes?
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Rituximab.
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What is Rituximab used for and are there any side effects associated with administration?
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Rituximab is used for rheumatoid arthritis and some lymphomas. It is given IV and first infusion reactions are very common.
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What drug used in targeted therapy is a product of bacteria?
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Asparaginase.
It hydrolyzes L-asparagine and since tumor cells lack asparagine synthetase, the asparagine pool is depleted and protein synthesis is inhibited. |
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Why is bleeding a potential side effect of Asparaginase? What are other side effects?
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The concentration of clotting and antithrombin III decreases.
Pancreatitis, hyperglycemia and mental status changes. |
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What can Asparaginase be used for?
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Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia.
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What is the main use of Hydroxyurea?
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To lower the white blood cell count. Therefore it is used in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and chronic granulocytic leukemia.
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Which drug induces terminal differentiation of leukemic cells?
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All-trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin).
It is used in combo with chemotherapy for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. |
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What side effects are associated with Tretinoin?
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Dry skin and mucous membranes.
Retinoic acid syndrome: fever, weight gain, pulmonary infiltrates, and pleural or pericardial effusions. |
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What other drug (not Tretinoin) can be used for acute promyelocytic leukemia?
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Arsenic trioxide.
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What drug is used in the treatment of childhood acute leukemia that inhibits denovo purine synthesis?
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6-Mercaptopurine.
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What enzyme inactivates 6-Mercaptopurine? What other drug inhibits this enzyme?
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Xanthine oxidase converts 6-MP to inactive 6-thiouric acid.
Allopurinol (gout drug) inhibits XO, therefere, patients taking Allopurinol must receive 50-75% less dose of 6-MP, or toxicity will result. |
