Chemistry Unit 3 Test

Front 1

Atoms chemically combine to form ______

Back 1

compounds

Front 2

what are the three subatomic particles in an atom?

Back 2

protons, neutrons, and electrons

Front 3

developed the law of constant composition

Back 3

Proust

Front 4

who made the first model of the atom and described it as an indivisible sphere. What was wrong with this?

Back 4

Dalton (it had no subatomic particles?

Front 5

conducted the cathode ray tube and discovered that negative particles exist in an atom

Back 5

Crookes

Front 6

Who conducted the oil drop experiment and discovered that electrons are negatively charged?

Back 6

Milikan

Front 7

Who conducted the cathode ray experiment and discovered the mass to charge ratio in of the electron?

Back 7

J.J. Thompson

Front 8

Who made the plum pudding (second) model of the atom with all the subatomic particles scattered throughout?

Back 8

J.J. Thompson

Front 9

What three things did Rutherford discover by conducting the Gold Foil experiment?

Back 9

the atom is mostly empty space, there is a nucleus, and it is positively charged (repelled)

Front 10

atoms that do not change or decay with time

Back 10

stable isotopes

Front 11

isotopes that are unstable

Back 11

radioisotopes

Front 12

light nuclei: about an atomic number of __ and below, have a stable ratio of __

Back 12

20 : 1

Front 13

heavy nuclei have a stable ratio of __

Back 13

1.5

Front 14

all atoms with atomic numbers above __ are radioactive (no stable isotopes)

Back 14

83

Front 15

4/2 He

Back 15

alpha radiation

Front 16

0/-1 e

Back 16

Beta Radiation

Front 17

0/1 e

Back 17

postitron radiation

Front 18

Chemical reactions involve _____; nuclear reactions involve ________ and _______

Back 18

electrons;neutrons;protons

Front 19

occurs when a large atom is bombarded with neutrons (sending other neutrons and elements out creating a chain reaction)

Back 19

Nuclear Fission

Front 20

when two or more light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus

Back 20

Nuclear Fusion

Front 21

occurs spontaneously in the sun

Back 21

Nuclear Fusion

Front 22

A hydrogen bomb is an uncontrolled _______ reaction

Back 22

fusion

Front 23

Who made the discovery of the neutron?

Back 23

James Chadwick

Front 24

Who created the planetary model of the atom?

Back 24

Niels Bohr

Front 25

What is the only thing that chagnes with isotopes?

Back 25

the Atomic Mass

Front 26

What is the formula for finding the average atomic mass of all the isotopes in an element?

Back 26

AAM = (mass*percent abundance) + (mass*percent abundance) + (mass*percent abundance) etc.

Front 27

Metals _____ electrons to form _____ charged ions called _____.

Back 27

metals loose electrons to form positively charged ions called cations

Front 28

nonmetals _____ electrons to form ______ charged ions called _____

Back 28

nonmetals gain electrons to form negatively charged ions called anions

Front 29

________ discovered that atoms or molecules emit energy in certain quantities called _____. He also made the ________ model of the atom

Back 29

Max Plank : QUANTA : Quantum mechanical model of the atom

Front 30

energy comes in two forms: ____ and ____

Back 30

heat and light

Front 31

Quantum theory describes energy in the form of ____.

Back 31

light

Front 32

when an electron jumps to a higher energy level, we say it is in its _______ state. When it goes back down to its original level it is in its _____ state.

Back 32

excited state : ground state

Front 33

frequency is measured in _____ or ____. Wavelength is measured in _____ or ____

Back 33

Hertz or (s-1) : meters or nanometers

Front 34

what is the formula for finding frequency of a wave?

Back 34

frequency = speed of light (constant) / wavelength

Front 35

what is the formula for finding the energy that a wave transmits?

Back 35

E(energy) = frequency * Planks Constant

Front 36

Spectra that shows the colors that have been emitted... mostly ____

Back 36

Emission Spectra. Mostly black

Front 37

Spectra that shows the colors that have been absorbed... mostly ____

Back 37

Absorption Spectra. Mostly colored.

Front 38

What principle states that it is impossible to know the location and velocity of an electron at the same time?

Back 38

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Front 39

_____ are areas where an electron can possibly be found.

Back 39

Orbitals

Front 40

____ is an area where an electron can never be (Each orbital must have at least one)

Back 40

Node

Front 41

What principle states that each orbital can hold two elcetrons with opposite spins?

Back 41

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Front 42

Which principle states that there must be one electron in each sublevel before there can be two

Back 42

Hund's Rule

Front 43

What are the two exceptions to the rules when using orbital diagrams and electron configuration? What are their configurations?

Back 43

Chromium = ...4s1 3d5
Copper = ...4s1 3d10

Front 44

_____ is when an atom shares the same number of electrons with a noble gas (stable)

Back 44

Isoelectronic

Front 45

atoms that have at least one unpaired electron (should be attracted to a magnet) are called ______

Back 45

paramagnetic

Front 46

atoms that have all their electrons paired up and are not attracted to a magnet are called ______

Back 46

diamagnetic

Front 47

rows _, _, and _ are diamagnetic.

Back 47

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