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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the mass number?
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Number of protons + number of neutrons.
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Mass and charge of a proton, a neutron, and an electron?
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Proton: mass→1, charge→+1.
Neutron: mass→1, charge→0. Electron: mass→0, charge→-1. |
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What is equal to the atomic number?
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The number of protons.
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How do you calculate the number of neutrons?
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Subtract the atomic number from the mass number.
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What is an isotope?
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An atom with the same atomic number, but with a different number of neutrons and mass number.
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How are covalent bonds made?
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When two or more non-metal atoms join to form a molecule or network.
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What is the difference between covalent molecules and covalent networks?
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Covalent molecules have a fixed number of atoms.
Covalent networks have an unlimited number of atoms. |
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How are ionic bonds formed?
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When two or more metal and non-metal atoms bond to make charged ions.
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Do covalent molecules covalent networks and ionic lattices conduct electricity?
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Covalent molecules and networks don't conduct electricity in any state as there are no mobile charged particles.
Ionic lattices only conduct electricity as melts or solutions because they have mobile ions. |
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Are covalent molecules, covalent networks, and ionic lattices soluble in solvents?
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Covalent molecules are soluble in non-aqueous solvents.
Covalent networks are soluble in any solvent. Ionic compounds are soluble in aqueous solvents. |
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Do covalent molecules, covalent networks, and ionic lattices have high or low melting points?
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Covalent molecules have a low melting point.
Covalent networks and ionic lattices have a high melting point. |
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How do you tell if an atom is positive or negative?
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If an atom is positive it has room for more electrons than usual.
If an atom is negative it has less room for electrons. |
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Name 4 ways on how to increase the rate of reaction.
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Increase the surface area, increase the concentration of the solution, increase the temperature, or add a catalyst.
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Name the 3 bases used to neutralise an acid.
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Alkalis (metal hydroxides), metal oxides, and metal carbonates.
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What is produced when neutralising an acid?
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Salt is produced, yet a metal carbonate produces carbon dioxide as well as salt when neutralising an acid.
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What is the ratio of hydrogen to hydroxide ions in alkalis, neutral solutions, and acids?
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Alkali - H<OH
Neutral - H=OH Acid - H>OH |
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What do metal and non-metal oxides produce when dissolved in water?
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Metal oxides produce alkalis.
Non-metal oxides produce acids. |
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How are the number of moles, the mass and the GFM related?
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n = m ÷ GFM
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How are the number of moles, the concentration and the volume related?
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n = CV
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How do you calculate the average rate of reaction?
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rate = Δmass ÷ time interval
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