Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which element has the highest first ionisation energy? |
Helium |
|
|
Which element has the lowest first ionisation energy? |
Caesium |
|
|
Why does successive ionisation energy increase? |
The proton: electron ratio increases, increasing nuclear attraction |
|
|
What is Vm? |
Molar gas volume. This is the volume per mole of a gas at pressure 7 and a stated temperature |
|
|
What is 1atm in kPa? |
101/100 kPa |
|
|
What properties does an ideal gas have?
|
Random motion, elastic collisions, negligible mass, no intermolecular forces |
|
|
Which elements can undergo octet expansion? |
Those in period 3 |
|
|
Which elements can have incomplete outer shells? |
Al, Be and B |
|
|
Why are polymers non-biodegradable? |
The carbon chain is non-polar, so it can't be hydrolysed. It's also stable, so it can't be broken down naturally |
|
|
What is the equation when chlorine reacts with cold, dilute NaOH? |
Cl2+ 2NaOH--> NaCl + NaClO + H2O |
|
|
What is the equation when chlorine reacts with hot, concentrated NaOH? |
3Cl2 + 6NaOH ---> 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O |
|
|
What type of reaction is a displacement reaction? |
Redox |
|
|
What is the IUPAC name for lactic acid? |
2-hydroxypropanoic acid |
|
|
What is a use of methanol? |
A fuel additive to improve the combustion of petrol |
|
|
What conditions are required for the fermentation of glucose? |
37 degrees, anaerobic, enzyme in yeast |
|
|
What reagents are needed to convert an alcohol into a haloalkane? |
NaBr + concentrated H2SO4 |
|
|
What is Q? |
Total heat energy in Joules |
|
|
What are the metalloids? |
B, Si, Ge, As, Te |
|
|
Which group is simple? |
5 |
|
|
Which group is giant covalent? |
4 |
|
|
What pH are group 2 hydroxides? |
10-12, weak bases |
|
|
What does thermal decomposition of a group 2 carbonate produce? |
Metal oxide + CO2 |
|
|
What happens to solubility and thermal stability down the group? |
They increase down the group |
|
|
What is the Arrhenius equation? |
k= Ae^ Ea/RT |
|
|
What is the y axis? |
ln k |
|
|
What is the x axis? |
1/T |
|
|
What is m? |
Ea/R |
|
|
What is c? |
lnA |
|
|
What is included in heterogeneous equilibrium? |
Aqueous and gases |
|
|
What is the first titration equation? |
5Fe2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ --> 5Fe3+ + Mn2+ + 4H2O |
|
|
What is the second titration equation? |
2S2O3 2- + I2 --> 2I- + S4O6 2- |
|
|
What is this titration used for? |
To analyse bleach, copper salts and copper alloys |
|
|
What is the equation for the formation of an acyl chloride? |
SOCl2 + CH3COOH ---> CH3COCl + SO2 + HCl |
|
|
What is SOCl2? |
Sulphur dichloride oxide |
|
|
What is a phenol used in antiseptics? |
2,4,6-trichlorophenol |
|
|
What is a phenol used to make paints and resins? |
Bisphenol |
|
|
What colour is Fe2+ ? |
Pale green |
|
|
What colour is Fe3+ ? |
Pale yellow |
|
|
What colour is MnO4-? |
Purple |
|
|
What colour is Mn2+? |
Pale pink |
