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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the seven diatomic molecules? |
HoFBrINCl |
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What is a subscript? |
The number to the lower right of a chemical symbol, indicating atoms found in the substance |
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What is a covalent bond? |
Form between two non metals and involve the sharing of electrons (they both want to gain) |
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Ionic bond |
Opposite charges attract, after a transfer of electrons had occurred the result ion anion and cation are attracted to each other causing an ionic bond |
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Why do elements form bonds |
Atoms join to form bonds so that each atom has a stable electron configuration (orbit is full) |
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What is a molecular element |
A molecule that consists of atoms of the same element |
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What is a molecular compound |
A molecule that consists of two or more different elements |
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How many atoms do the diatomic elements consist of |
2 |
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What is a cation |
A positively charged ion |
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What is an anion |
A negatively charged ion |
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How do you draw a Bohr Rutherford to show ionic transfers? |
1) draw a Bohr for each element 2) decide how many electrons are gained or lost 3) make e- lost= e- gained by X one or both elements 4) show how they are transferred 5) draw the structure |
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Difference between atoms and molecules |
Atoms: they are small, and represent one pure substance
Molecules: consist of multiple atoms for example water is two hydrogen and one oxygen |
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What is an element |
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler chemical substance by any means. All elements are located on the periodic table |
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Compound |
A pure substance composed of two or more different elements that are chemically joined |
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What is to the left right and on the staircase of the periodic table |
Left: metals Right: non metals On: metalloids |
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What are metal properties (4) |
Lustrous Malleable Ductile Conducts electricity |
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What are non metal properties |
Usually a gas or dull powdery solid does not conduct heat or electricity |
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What are metalloids properties |
Has properties of both metals and non metals |
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What are the families of the periodic tables? |
1: alkali metals very reactive shiny soft low density metals that float. The reactivity increases as you move down
2: alkaline earth metals very reactive shiny not as soft
3-12: transition metals most elements. Bond differently together
17: halogens most reactive non metal reactivity increases as you move up
18: noble gases stable I reactive not naturally form compound colourless glow bright when electrical current runs through them
1: hydrogen over 90% of atoms on earth non metal but closely resembles alkali metals |
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What is the location charge mass and symbol of each proton electron and neutron |
Proton: nucleus,+, 1 amu, p+ Electron: orbits, -,1/2000 amu,e- Neutrons:nucleus,0,1amu,n0 |
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What is the purpose of the atomic number? |
Tells us how many protons are found In the nucleus of an atom. Each element has a unique amount. Number of protons and electrons are the same (the + and - charges balance each other out) |
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What does the Mass number tell us |
How much the atom weighs combines number or neutrons and protons in the nucleus (no electrons as they have almost no mass) |
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Formulas for Bohr Rutherford |
2,8,8 P+ and n0 go in the centre, e- on the outside. P and e are the same.
Atomic #= p + e
N= mass - atomic |
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What are the patterns found in the columns and rows? |
1- as we move down the table they increase in number of electrons. The outer orbits are holding the maximum number of electrons
2- 1 electron in the last orbit
3- outer orbits have two and increase as you move down
4- outer orbits have 7 |
