Chemistry One: Chapter Five

Front 1

Dimitri Mendeleev

Back 1

Based his periodic table off of atomic mass

Front 2

Henry Mosely

Back 2

periodic table based on atomic number

Front 3

Periodic Law

Back 3

physical and chemical properties of elements are a function of their atomic numbers

Front 4

group one (alkali metals)

Back 4

most reactive; lithium, sodium potassium, etc; silvery appearance and can be cut with a knife; react with water to release hydrogen-explosive; stored in kerosine; not found as free elements in nature; melting point decreases going down into the group

Front 5

group two (alkaline earth metals)

Back 5

less reactive; beryllium, magnesium, calcium; harder and denser than alkalis; higher melting point; not found as free elements in nature

Front 6

p-block elements

Back 6

most are nonmetals or metalloids with typical traits; many are gases; halogens are very reactive; noble gases are very un-reactive and energy levels are full

Front 7

Main group Elements

Back 7

all of the s and p block elements collectively

Front 8

D-Block elements (transition metals)

Back 8

have typical metallic properties; less reactive than alkali and alkaline earth metals; many are found pure in nature order of fill may not follow exact rules

Front 9

atomic radius

Back 9

half the distance between two nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together

Front 10

period

Back 10

decreases size left to right because increasing positive charge pulls the electrons inward

Front 11

group

Back 11

increases size from top to bottom

Front 12

ionization

Back 12

any process that results in the formation of an ion

Front 13

Ionization Energy

Back 13

energy needed to remove on electron from a neutral atom

Front 14

cations

Back 14

positive charge; metals; small radius ha positive charges that pull in remaining electrons

Front 15

anions

Back 15

negative charge non metals with a large radius so there is less pull by the nucleus

Front 16

valence electrons

Back 16

available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds

Front 17

electromagativity

Back 17

tendency of an atom to attract electrons