Chemistry Of Biology

Front 1

Prokaryotic cells

Back 1

Simple single-celled organisms that do NOT have a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle

Front 2

Eukaryotic cells

Back 2

A cell that HAS a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles with specific

Front 3

Endosymbiosis

Back 3

A relationship in which one organism lives inside the other

The evidence for endosymbiotic is when the host cell ingested bacteria and did not destroy it. through Evolution the bacteria became useful.

Front 4

Transport proteins

Back 4

Allowed transport of ions

Front 5

Diffusion

Back 5

Passive process of transport

Front 6

Facilitated diffusion

Back 6

Process by which material move down a concentration gradient using integral membrane proteins

Front 7

Passive transport

Back 7

Cell does not require energy to accomplish movement

Hint 7

Think of hole in bike tube

Front 8

Active transport

Back 8

The movement of ions or molecules across the cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.

Hint 8

Think of a bike pump

Front 9

Osmosis

Back 9

The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane according to the concentration gradient of water across the membrane

Front 10

Exocytosis

Back 10

A process of passing material out of a cell

Front 11

Endocytosis

Back 11

Of active transport that moves substances including fluids and particles into a cell

Front 12

Kinetic energy

Back 12

Energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion

Front 13

Potential energy

Back 13

The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors

Front 14

Endergonic reactions

Back 14

A chemical reaction that results in products that store more chemical potential energy

Front 15

Exergonic reactions

Back 15

A chemical reaction that results in products with less chemical potential energy than the reactants

Front 16

Hypertonic solution

Back 16

Water will flow out of the cell

Front 17

Hypotonic solution

Back 17

Water will flow into the cell

Front 18

Isotonic solution

Back 18

Water will flow in and out evenly

Front 19

ATP

Back 19

Energy used throughout the cell

Front 20

Enzymes

Back 20

Speed up the rate of chemical reactions in cells

Front 21

Atom

Back 21

One Singular element with a neutral charge

Front 22

Molecule

Back 22

If you atoms put together

Front 23

Ion

Back 23

A Charged molecule.

Cation=+

Anion=-

Front 24

Covalent bonds

Back 24

Sharing of electrons

Front 25

Polar

Back 25

Unequal sharing

Front 26

Nonpolar

Back 26

Equal sharing

Front 27

Cohesion

Back 27

Water sticks together very well and wants to stick together

Front 28

Why does ice float

Back 28

Due to structure of the molecular bonding. Lots of space for air

Front 29

Why is water resistance to temperature

Back 29

Water absorbs energy well

Front 30

Why is water a good solvent

Back 30

Because water is polar

Front 31

Acid

Back 31

A molecule that can provide hydrogen ions and lower pH

Front 32

Base

Back 32

A molecule that can provide hydroxide ions and raise pH

Front 33

What does photosynthesis provide

Back 33

1. Solar to chemical energy

2. Most energy for all living things on earth

Front 34

Endergonic reaction

Back 34

Reaction requires energy

Front 35

Exergonic reaction

Back 35

Reaction releasing energy

Front 36

Is photosynthesis endergonic or exergonic

Back 36

Endergonic

Front 37

Catabolic reactions

Back 37

Releases energy to drive chemical reactions

Front 38

Anabolic reactions

Back 38

Require energy and build new molecules