Chemistry Midterm Study Guide

Front 1

gaseous state of a substance that is generally a liquid at room temperature

Back 1

vapor

Front 2

-273 degrees Celsius

all motion stops

Back 2

absolute zero

Front 3

substance present at the time of the reaction

Back 3

reactant

Front 4

substance produced in the reaction

Back 4

product

Front 5

measure of amount of matter the object contains

Back 5

mass

Front 6

freezing point of water in celsius

Back 6

0 degrees

Front 7

boiling point of water in celsius

Back 7

100 degrees

Front 8

smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction

Back 8

atom

Front 9

total number of protons and neutrons

Back 9

mass number

Front 10

takes both the shape and volume of container and is easily compressed

Back 10

gas

Front 11

weighted average of the mass of atoms in a naturally occurring sample

Back 11

atomic mass

Front 12

1/12 mass of a carbon 12 atom

Back 12

Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)

Front 13

number of protons

Back 13

atomic number

Front 14

atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Back 14

isotopes

Front 15

any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties

Back 15

phase

Front 16

area around atom with high probability of finding an electron

Back 16

atomic orbital

Front 17

electrons occupy orbitals of lowest energy first

Back 17

Aufbau principle

Front 18

arrangement of electrons around the atom

Back 18

electron configuration

Front 19

lowest energy level of an electron

Back 19

ground state

Front 20

quanta of light

Back 20

photon

Front 21

amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level

Back 21

quantum

Front 22

positively charged particle emitted from certain radioactive nuclei

Back 22

alpha particle

Front 23

an electron resulting from the breaking apart of neutrons in an atom

Back 23

beta particle

Front 24

high energy photon emitted by a radioisotope

Back 24

gamma particle

Front 25

goes left and right on periodic table

Back 25

period

Front 26

goes up and down across the periodic table

Back 26

group

Front 27

GROUP B

1.presence of d orbitals

2. some form pseudo noble gas configurations

3. some have more than one charge

Back 27

transition metals

Front 28

-Group 1A

-main body of periodic table

Back 28

alkali metals

Front 29

group 2a

Back 29

alkaline earth metal

Front 30

Group 7a

Back 30

halogen

Front 31

ion of Halogen

Back 31

halide

Front 32

group 8a

highest occupied energy level

Back 32

Noble gas

Front 33

ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound

Back 33

electronegativity

Front 34

energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state

Back 34

ionization energy

Front 35

atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas

Back 35

octet rule

Front 36

attraction that binds oppositely charges ions together

Back 36

ionic bond

Front 37

a notation that depicts valence electrons as dots around the atomic symbol of the element

Back 37

electron dot structure

Front 38

highest occupied energy level

Back 38

valence electron