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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define the term Atom
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The smallest particle of an element that retains all the chemical properties of the element.
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Define the term Neutron
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A subatomic particle with a charge of zero and a mass of approx 1 amu. It is found in the nucleus.
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Define the term Proton
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A subatomic particle with a charge of +1 and a mass of approx 1 amu. It is found in the nucleus.
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Define the term Electron
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A subatomic particle with a charge of -1 and a mass of approx 0.0005 amu. It is found in the space surrounding the nucleus.
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Define the term Atomic Weight
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The weighted average of the masses (in amu) of an elements isotopes found on the Earth.
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Define the term Atomic Number
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The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in its nucleus.
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Define the term Mass Number
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The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
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Define the term Isotope
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Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes.
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Explain Dalton's Atomic Theory
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(1) Matter is made up of tiny, indivisible particles. (2) Atoms of the same element have same chemical properties. (3) Compounds formed by chemical combination of 2+ different kinds of atoms. (4) Compound or molecule is combination of 2+ atoms that act as single unit.
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Explain the Law of Conservation of Mass
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Matter can neither be created nor destroyed it merely changes form.
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Explain the Law of Constant Composition
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Any compound is always made up of elements in the same proportion by mass.
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Compare the properties of subatomic particles
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Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus. Electrons surround the nucleus. Proton has a +1 charge, neutron has a zero charge and an electron has a -1 charge.
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Explain the concept of atomic charge neutrality
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An atom has no charge in its resting state. Interaction with other atoms alters the number of electrons. affecting the charge.
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How many neutrons are in each isotope for iodine-125 and iodine-131?
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iodine-125 has 125 - 53 = 72 neutrons
iodine-131 has 131 - 53 = 78 neutrons |
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Where in an atom are these subatomic particles located?
(a) Protons (b) Electrons (c) Neutrons |
(a) Protons - in the nucleus
(b) Electrons - in the space surrounding the nucleus (c) Neutrons - in the nucleus |
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What is the mass number of an atom with
(a) 22 p, 22 e & 26 n (b) 76 p, 76 e & 114 n (c) 34 p, 34 e & 45 n (d) 94 p, 94 e & 150 n |
(a) mass number = 48
(b) mass number = 190 (c) mass number = 79 (d) mass number = 244 |
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How many neutrons are in
(a) a carbon atom mass no. 13 (b) a germanium atom mass no. 73 (c) a osmium atom mass no. 188 (d) a platinum atom mass no. 195 |
(a) 7 neutrons
(b) 41 neutrons (c) 112 neutrons (d) 117 neutrons |
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What is the difference between atomic number and mass number?
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The atomic number of an element = number of protons
The mass number of an element = number of protons + number of neutrons |
