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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ion-dipole force
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the force that exists between an ion and a neutral polar molecule that possesses a permanent dipole moment
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Ion exchange
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A process in which ions in solution are exchanged for other ions held on the surface of an ion-exchange resin; the exchange of a hard-water cation such as ca for a softwater cation such as na is used to soften water
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Ionic bond
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A bond between oppositely charged ions. The ions are formed from atoms by transfer of one or more electrons
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Ionic compound
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A compound composed of cations and anions
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Ionic hydrides
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Compounds formed when hydrogen eacts with alkali metals and also the heavier alkaline earths these compounds contain the hydride ion
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Ionic solids
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Solids that are composed of ions
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Ionization energy
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The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom when the atom is in its ground state
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Ionizing radiation
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Radiation that has sufficient energy to remove an electron from a molecule, thereby ionizing it
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Ion-product constant
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For water, Kw is the product of the aquated hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentrations
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Irreversible process
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A process that is not reversible; and as a result, some of its potential for accomplishing work is dissipated as heat
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Isoelectronic series
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A series of atoms, ions, or molecules having the same number of electrons
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Isomers
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Compounds whose molecules have the same overall composition but defferent structures
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Isothermal process
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One that occurs at constant temperature
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Isotopes
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Atoms of the same element containing diferent numbers of neutrons and therefore having different masses
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Joule
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The SI unit of energy
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Kelvin scale
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The absolute temperature scale; the SI unit for temperature
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Ketone
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A compound in which the carbonyl group occurs at the interior of a carbon chain and is therefore flanked by carbon atoms
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Kinetic energy
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The enrgy that an object possesses by virtue of its motion
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Kinetic-molecular theory
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A set of assumptions about the nature of gases. these assumptions, when translated into mathematical form, yield the ideal gas equation
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Lanthanide contraction
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the gradual decrease in atomic and ionic radii with increasing atomic number
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Lanthanide
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Element in which the 4f subshell is only partially occupied
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Lattice energy
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The energy required to seperate completely the ions in an ionic solid
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Law of conservation of mass
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A scientific law stating that the total mass of a products of a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the reactants, so that mass remains constant during the reaction
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Law of constant composition
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A law that states that the elemental composition of a pure compound is always the same regardless of its source; also called law of definite proportions
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Law of definite proportions
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A law that states that the elemental composition of a pure substance is always the same, regardless of its source; also called the law of constant composition
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