Chemistry Ii Exam 2

Front 1

Back 1

Rate Law

Front 2

Back 2

Reverse rate

Front 3

K >>>>> 1

Back 3

Product Favored

Front 4

K <<<<<< 1

Back 4

Reactant favored

Front 5

Back 5

Pressure constant

Front 6

Hess' Law

Back 6

Each step of a single reaction has its own K

Front 7

Back 7

Hess' Law

Front 8

Back 8

Hess' Law

Front 9

Back 9

ICE Chart

****WATCH FOR MOLAR MASSES****

Front 10

Back 10

Reaction Quotient

For a rxn NOT at EQ

Front 11

Q > K

Back 11

Reverse rxn favored

R > P

Front 12

Q < K

Back 12

Forward reaction favored

R < P

Front 13

Q = K

Back 13

Reaction is at equillibrium

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Heterogeneous Equillibrium

Back 14

Rs or Ps are in more than one phase

Front 15

SOLIDS and LIQUIDS are NOT in Kc

Back 15

Their concentrations don't matter

Front 16

Haber Process

Back 16

Produces amonia (NH4)

Iron catalyst

@high temp and pressure

Front 17

LeChatlier:

Change in [CONCENTRATION]

Back 17

Rxn shifts to consume excess

Front 18

LeChatlier:

Change in pressure (volume)

Back 18

Rxn shifts to reduce the mols of gas

Front 19

LeChatlier:

Change in temp

Back 19

increase T = decrease Kp

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Catalyst

Back 20

Increase both fwd and rev rxns

Front 21

Arrhenius Acid

Back 21

Increases [H+]

Front 22

Arrhenius Base

Back 22

Substance that increases [OH-]

Front 23

BronLowry Acid

Back 23

Proton donor

Front 24

BronLowry Base

Back 24

Proton acceptor

Front 25

Lewis Acid

Back 25

Electron pair acceptor

Front 26

Lewis Base

Back 26

Electron pair donor ***same as BronLowry***

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Amphiprotic

Back 27

Can be acid or base

H2O

Front 28

Conjugates

Back 28

CONJ ARE WEAK IF STRONG ACID/BASE

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HCl

Back 29

SA

Front 30

HBr

Back 30

SA

Front 31

HI

Back 31

SA

Front 32

HNO3

Back 32

SA

Front 33

HClO3

Back 33

SA

Front 34

HClO4

Back 34

SA

Front 35

H2SO4

Back 35

SA

Front 36

STRONG Bases

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NaOH

KOH

Ca(OH)2

Sr(OH)2

Ba(OH)2

Front 37

Kw = [H+] * [OH-]

Back 37

1*10^-14

Front 38

Back 38

Percent ionization

Front 39

Ka and Kb

Back 39

Big Ka means ACIDIC

Big Kb means BASIC

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If Kc in seperate steps are >10^3 apart, IGNORE 2ND K

Back 40

Polyprotic acids

Front 41

Cation rxn w H2O

Back 41

Acidic

Front 42

Anion rxn w H2O

Back 42

Basic

Front 43

Increasing acid strength

Back 43

Increase polarity

Weaker H-X bond

Increased stability of conjugate bond

Front 44

Binary acids

Back 44

Members of a group

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Binary trends

Back 45

Bond strength. Dec as go down table

Acid strength. Inc as go up and R

Acidity. Inc w electronegativity

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Oxyacids

Back 46

Y-O-H

O inc electronegativity

Front 47

Carboxylic

Back 47

Resonance STABALIZES base and increases acidity

Front 48

Reverse rxn

Back 48

1/K

Front 49

2x (rxn)

Back 49

K^2