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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the name of polymers made from 20 different amino acids in the body? |
Proteins |
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What is the general purpose of hemoglobin and myoglobin? |
To transport oxygen in the blood |
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What are proteins' functions as enzymes? |
To regulate biological reactions (i.e. digestion, cellular metabolism) |
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What protein makes up the hair, skin, wool, and nails of the body? |
Keratin |
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What protein makes up the tendons and cartilage of the body? |
Collagen |
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What two proteins are responsible for contacting muscle fibers? |
Myosin and actin |
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What storage protein is found in milk? |
Casein |
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What storage protein is responsible for iron in the liver and spleen? |
Ferritin |
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What enzyme protein catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose in the body? |
Sucrase |
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What enzyme protein catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins in the body? |
Trypsin |
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What protection protein is responsible for stimulating immune response? |
Immunoglobulin |
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What are the surrounding components of an α carbon within an amino acid? |
An ammonium group, a carboxylate group, a hydrogen atom, and an R group |
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What is a zwitterion? At what pH value can it occur? |
A neutral amino acid; its isoelectric point |
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What 'R groups' do nonpolar (hydrophobic) amino acids have? |
Hydrogen, Alkyl, or Aromatic groups |
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What 'R groups' do polar amino acids have? |
Those that interact with water, hydrophilic |
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What 'R groups' do polar neutral amino acids have? |
Hydroxyl (-OH), Thiol (-SH), or an Amide (-CONH2) R group |
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What 'R groups' do polar acidic amino acids have? |
Carboxylate (-COO-) R group |
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What 'R groups' do polar basic amino acids have? |
Ammonium (-NH3+) R group |
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What is the name of D and L stereoisomers? |
Enantiomer |
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How many amino acids can be synthesized in the body? |
11. |
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What four foods contain all of the 9 essential amino acids? |
Eggs, milk, meat, and fish |
