General Chemistry 1 Chapter 1

Front 1

Matter

Back 1

Anything that has mass and occupies space

Front 2

Mass

Back 2

The quantity of matter with in an object. It is distinct for weight, as is does not change according to gravity.

Front 3

Energy

Back 3

That capacity to do Work (W=F/d)

Front 4

Chemistry

Back 4

The study of composition, properties and interactions of matter

Front 5

Pure substance

Back 5

Constant composition, cannot be separated into simpler substances

Example (in hint)

Hint 5

CO

Front 6

Physical process

Back 6

Process in which a substance does not undergo a change in composition or chemical properties

Front 7

Mixtures

Back 7

Made up of two or more substances mixed together.

Front 8

Homogeneous mixture/solution

Back 8

Have same composition throughout

Hint 8

Examples: air, salt, water

Front 9

Heterogeneous mixture/solution

Back 9

Have composition which is different from place to place in the same sample

Hint 9

Water with ice cubes

Front 10

Elements

Back 10

Simplest building blocks of matter

Front 11

Compound

Back 11

Chemical combinations of two or more different types of elements

Example (in hint)

Hint 11

NaCl, KF

Front 12

Compounds can be separated through a

Back 12

Chemical reaction

Hint 12

CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O + heat

Front 13

Law of constant composition

Back 13

Elements in compounds are always present in definite proportions

Hint 13

Joseph Proust

Front 14

Atom

Back 14

The smallest particle of an element that can enter into a chemical combination

Hint 14

Dalton

Front 15

Molecule

Back 15

Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

Front 16

Chemical formula

Back 16

Consists of the symbols of the elements and subscripts indicating the number of each type of element in a molecule.

Front 17

Chemical equation

Back 17

The language of chemistry seen in the symbols used to explain the shorthand used to describe chemical and physical processes

Front 18

1 Mole =

Back 18

6.022 x 1^23 atoms of Element

Front 19

moles in 12 g pure C? Atoms?

Back 19

1 mole C= 6.022x 10^23 C atoms

= ?g C

Front 20

Decantation

Back 20

Mixtures can be separated by pouring off one layer, leave the other behind

Front 21

Distillation

Back 21

The more volatile (easily vaporized) substance is boiled away first

Front 22

Filtration

Back 22

A mixture of a solid in a liquid is poured through a filter to trap solid

Front 23

Chromotography

Back 23

Used to separate and identify substances in a mixture

Hint 23

Types: paper, thin-layer, gas

Front 24

Intensive

Back 24

Properties are independent of the amount of substance.

Hint 24

Ex) Mallible, Shiney, conductive, solid

Front 25

Extensive

Back 25

Properties depend on the amount of the substance in sample

Hint 25

Ex) weight, volume, mass

Front 26

Physical properties

Back 26

No change in composition of the substance

Hint 26

Ex) color, viscosity, smell, density, melting/boiling point

Front 27

Chemical properties

Back 27

Substance undergoes a change is in composition (formula)

Hint 27

Ex) burning, rusting (oxidation)

Front 28

Density

Back 28

Ratio of mass to volume

Front 29

Solid

Back 29

Form of matter in which atoms or molecules are packed closely together in fixed locations

Hint 29

Can be crystalline or amorphous

Front 30

Decantation

Back 30

Mixture separated by pouring off top

Front 31

Distillation

Back 31

Volatile or easily vaporized substance boiled away

Front 32

Chromotography

Back 32

Used to separate and identify substances

Hint 32

Types: paper, think layer and gas

Front 33

Filtration

Back 33

Used to separate a solid and liquid through a filter to trap solid

Front 34

Intensive

Back 34

Properties that are independent of amount of substance

Hint 34

Ex) mallibility, shiney, conductive, solid (stp)

Front 35

Extensive

Back 35

Properties that depend on amount of substance in sample

Hint 35

Weight & volume (mass)

Front 36

Physical properties

Back 36

Can be observed with no change in composition of the substance

Hint 36

Ex) color, viscosity, odor, density, melting & boiling point

Front 37

Liquid

Back 37

Matter with atoms or molecules packed closely but particles are free to move next to each other

Front 38

Gas

Back 38

Matter in which there is a lot of space between the atoms or molecules with freedom of movement.

Front 39

Plasma

Back 39

Fourth state of matter, similar to gas but has large numbers of electrically charged particles

Hint 39

Found in sun, lightning strike, t.v's

Front 40

------> ------>

Solid<===>liquid<===>gas

<------ <------

------------------------->

<--------------------------

Back 40

Front 41

Scientific method

Back 41

Approach to knowledge that begins and ends with observation

Front 42

Hypothesis

Back 42

Tentative interpretation or explaination of observations

Front 43

Experiment

Back 43

Highly controlled procedures to generate scientific observation

Front 44

Scientific law

Back 44

Statement that summarizes observations and predicts future ones

Hint 44

Ex) gravity

Front 45

Law of conservation of mass

Back 45

In chemical reaction, matter in neither created nor destroyed.

Hint 45

Lavosier

Front 46

Theory

Back 46

A model for the way nature is and why is occures

Hint 46

Ex) Atomic theory

Front 47

System International

Back 47

(SI) unit system based on metric system for scientific measurements.

Hint 47

Includes meter, kilogram and second